(c) enthalpy change of -234 kJ? an (d) How many kilojoules of heat are absorbed when 40.3 g of MgO(s) is decomposed into Mg(s) and O2(8) at con- stant pressure? 5.44 Consider the following reaction: 2 CH3OH(8) – 2 CH4(8) + O2(8) AH = +252.8 kJ (a) Is this reaction exothermic or endothermic? (b) Calculate the amount of heat transferred when 24.0 g of CH3OH(g) is decomposed by this reaction at constant pressure. (c) For a given sample of CH3OH, the enthalpy change during the reaction is 82.1 kJ. How many grams of methane gas are produced? (d) How many kilojoules of heat are released when 38.5 g of CH4(g) reacts completely with O2(g) to form CH3OH(g) at constant pressure?

(c) enthalpy change of -234 kJ? an (d) How many kilojoules of heat are absorbed when 40.3 g of MgO(s) is decomposed into Mg(s) and O2(8) at con- stant pressure? 5.44 Consider the following reaction: 2 CH3OH(8) – 2 CH4(8) + O2(8) AH = +252.8 kJ (a) Is this reaction exothermic or endothermic? (b) Calculate the amount of heat transferred when 24.0 g of CH3OH(g) is decomposed by this reaction at constant pressure. (c) For a given sample of CH3OH, the enthalpy change during the reaction is 82.1 kJ. How many grams of methane gas are produced? (d) How many kilojoules of heat are released when 38.5 g of CH4(g) reacts completely with O2(g) to form CH3OH(g) at constant pressure?

EBK A SMALL SCALE APPROACH TO ORGANIC L

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305446021

Author:Lampman

Publisher:Lampman

Chapter26: Biodiesel

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2Q

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A 50-mL solution of a dilute AgNO3 solution is added to 100 mL of a base solution in a coffee-cup calorimeter. As Ag2O(s) precipitates, the temperature of the solution increases from 23.78 C to 25.19 C. Assuming that the mixture has the same specific heat as water and a mass of 150 g, calculate the heat q. Is the precipitation reaction exothermic or endothermic?
Peanuts and peanut oil are organic materials and bum in air. How many burning peanuts does it take to provide the energy to boil a cup of water (250 mL of water)? To solve this problem, we assume each peanut, with an average mass of 0.73 g, is 49% peanut oil and 21% starch; the remainder is noncombustible We further assume peanut oil is palmitic acid, C16H32O2, with an enthalpy of formation of 848.4 kJ/mol. Starch is a long chain of C6H10O5 units, each unit having an enthalpy of formation of 960 kJ.
In a constant-volume calorimeter, 35.0g of H2cools from 75.3C to25.0C. Calculate w, q, U, and H for the process.
9.53 Using these reactions, find the standard enthalpy change for the formation of 1 mol of PhO(s) from lead metal and oxygen gas. PbO(s)+C(graphite)Pb(s)+CO(g) H = 106.8 kJ 2C(graphite)+O2(g)2CO(g) H= -221.0 kJ If 250 g of lead reacts with oxygen to form lead(II) oxide, what quantity of thermal energy (in kJ) is ahsorhed or evolved?
Write reactions for which the enthalpy change will be a. Hf for solid aluminum oxide. b. the standard enthalpy of combustion of liquid ethanol, C2H5OH(l). c. the standard enthalpy of neutralization of sodium hydroxide solution by hydrochloric acid. d. Hf for gaseous vinyl chloride, C2H3Cl(g). e. the enthalpy of combustion of liquid benzene, C6H6(l). f. the enthalpy of solution of solid ammonium bromide.
Combustion of table sugar produces CO2(g) and H2O( l). When 1.46 g table sugar is combusted in a constant-volume (bomb) calorimeter, 24.00 kJ of heat is liberated. a. Assuming that table sugar is pure sucrose, C12H22O11 (s), write the balanced equation for the combustion reaction. b. Calculate E in kJ/mol C12H22O11 for the combustion reaction of sucrose.
Hydrogen cyanide is used in the manufacture of clear plastics such as Lucite and Plexiglas. It is prepared from ammonia and natural gas (CH4). 2NH3(g)+3O2(g)+2CH4(g)2HCN(g)+6H2O(g) The reaction evolves 469 kJ of heat per mol of HCN formed. Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? What is the value of q when 2 mol HCN forms?
A piece of unknown solid substance weighs 437.2 g, and requires 8460 J to increase its temperature from 19.3 °C to 68.9 °C. (a) What is the specific heat of the substance? (b) If it is one of the substances found in Table 5.1, what is its likely identity?
Calculate the enthalpy change when 5.00 g of propane is burned with excess oxygen according to the reaction mg src=Images/HTML_99425-10-80AP_image001.jpg alt="" align="top"/>
9.32 The material typically used to heat metal radiators is water. If a boiler generates water at 79.5°C, what mass of water was needed to provide the heat required in the previous problem? Water has a specific heat of 4.184Jg1 C1 .
Nitric acid, HNO3, can be prepared by the following sequence of reactions: 4NH3(g)+5O2(g)4NO(g)+6H2O(g)2NO(g)+O2(g)2NO2(g)3NO2(g)+H2O(l)2HNO3(l)+NO(g) How much heat is evolved when 1 mol of NH3(g) is converted to HNO3(l)? Assume standard states at 25 C.
9.104 An engineer is using sodium metal as a cooling agent in a design because it has useful thermal properties. Looting up the heat capacity, the engineer finds a value of 28.2 J mol-l °C-l. Carelessly, he wrote this number down without units. As a result, it was later taken as specific heat. (a) What would he the difference between these two values? (b) Would the engineer overestimate the ability of sodium to remove heat from the system or underestimate it because of this error? Be sure to explain your reasoning.

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