Calculate the % relative error in hydronium ion concentration by using concentrations instead of activities in calculating the pH of the following buffer solutions using the thermodynamic constants listed below. Acid Formula K₂ Acetic acid CH, COOH 1.75 x 10-5 Ammonium ion NH₂+ 5.70 x 10-10 Chloroacetic acid CICH, COOH 1.36 x 10-³ b0.0340 M NH3 and 0.120 M NH, CI Relative error= 0.0210 M CICH₂ COOH and 0.0570 M CICH₂ COONa (acic H, 000 = 0.35) Relative error=

Calculate the % relative error in hydronium ion concentration by using concentrations instead of activities in calculating the pH of the following buffer solutions using the thermodynamic constants listed below. Acid Formula K₂ Acetic acid CH, COOH 1.75 x 10-5 Ammonium ion NH₂+ 5.70 x 10-10 Chloroacetic acid CICH, COOH 1.36 x 10-³ b0.0340 M NH3 and 0.120 M NH, CI Relative error= 0.0210 M CICH₂ COOH and 0.0570 M CICH₂ COONa (acic H, 000 = 0.35) Relative error=

Fundamentals Of Analytical Chemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285640686

Author:Skoog

Publisher:Skoog

Chapter10: Effect Of Electrolytes On Chemical Equilibria

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10.17QAP

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A good buffer generally contains relatively equal concentrations of weak acid and conjugate base. If you wanted to buffer a solution at pH = 4.00 or pH = 10.00, how would you decide which weak acidconjugate base or weak baseconjugate acid pair to use? The second characteristic of a good buffer is good buffering capacity. What is the capacity of a buffer? How do the following buffers differ in capacity? How do they differ in pH? 0.01 M acetic acid/0.01 M sodium acetate 0.1 M acetic acid/0.1 M sodium acetate 1.0 M acetic acid/1.0 M sodium acetate
Malonic acid (HO2CCH2CO2H) is a diprotic acid. In the titration of malonic acid w ith NaOH, stoichiometric points occur at pH = 3.9 and 8.8. A 25.00-mL sample of malonic acid of unknown concentration is titrated with 0.0984 M NaOH, requiring 31.50 mL of the NaOH solution to reach the phenolphthalein end point. Calculate the concentration of the initial malonic acid solution. (Sec Exercise 113.)
When 40.00 mL of a weak monoprotic acid solution is titrated with 0.100-M NaOH, the equivalence point is reached when 35.00 mL base has been added. After 20.00 mL NaOH solution has been added, the titration mixture has a pH of 5.75. Calculate the ionization constant of the acid.
K4 for acetic acid is 1.7 105 at 25C. A buffer solution is made by mixing 52.1 mL of 0.122 M acetic acid with 46.1 mL of 0.182 M sodium acetate. Calculate the pH of this solution at 25C after the addition of 5.82 mL of 0.125 M NaOH.
A buffer is prepared by dissolving 0.062 mol of sodium fluoride in 127 mL of 0.0399 M hydrofluoric acid. Assume no volume change after NaF is added. Calculate the pH of this buffer.
A buffer is made using 45.0 mL of 0.750 M HC3H5O2 (Ka = 1.3 105) and 55.0 mL of 0.700 M NaC3H5O2. What volume of 0.10 M NaOH must be added to change the pH of the original buffer solution by 2.5%?
A buffer is prepared using the butyric acid/butyrate (HC4H7O2/C4H7O2)acid-base pair. The ratio of acid to base is 2.2 and Ka for butyric acid is1.54105. (a) What is the pH of this buffer? (b) Enough strong base is added to convert 15% of butyric acid to the butyrate ion. What is the pH of the resulting solution? (c) Strong acid is added to the buffer to increase its pH. What must the acid/base ratio be so that the pH increases by exactly one unit (e.g., from 2 to 3) from the answer in (a)?
Consider die titration of 50.0 mL of 0.10 M H3A (Ka1 = 5.0 104, Ka2 = 1.0 108, Ka3 = 1.0 1012) titrated by 0.10 M KOH. a. Calculate the pH of the resulting solution at 125 mL of KOH added. b. At what volume of KOH added does pH = 3.30? c. At 75.0 mL of KOH added, is the solution acidic or basic?
Given three acid-base indicatorsâ€”methyl orange (end point at pH 4), bromthymol blue (end point at pH 7), and phenolphthalein (end point at pH 9)â€”which would you select for the following acid-base titrations? (a) perchloric acid with an aqueous solution of ammonia (b) nitrous acid with lithium hydroxide (c) hydrobromic acid with strontium hydroxide (d) sodium fluoride with nitric acid
Silver cyanide (AgCN) is an insoluble sail with Ksp = 2.2 1012. Compare the effects on the solubility of silver cyanide by addition of HNO3(aq) or by addition of NH3(aq).
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