Answered: Viruses cannot be grown in standard…

Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (MindTap Course List)

5th Edition

ISBN:9781305117396

Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter13: Early Life Forms And The Viruses

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3CT

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‘’Viruses cannot be grown in standard microbiological culture such as broth and agar. They need to be cultured in the presence of a suitable host such as prokaryotic cells (easiest to grow in the lab), plants and animals because they are unable to reproduce independently in living cells’’.
2.2 What are the changes that are brought by a virus to a cell? In your response, make reference to the cytopathic effect (CPE).

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Some common cytopathic effects include:

Cell rounding and detachment: The infected cells may become rounded and detach from the underlying surface, leading to cell death and tissue damage.
Cell lysis: In lytic infections, the virus utilizes the host cell's resources to produce new virus particles. As a result, the infected cell eventually bursts (lysis), releasing the newly formed viruses, which can go on to infect neighboring cells.
Formation of inclusion bodies: Some viruses induce the formation of distinct structures called inclusion bodies within the infected cells. These inclusion bodies are often aggregates of viral proteins or nucleic acids and can be visualized under a microscope.
Cell fusion: Certain viruses have the ability to cause infected cells to fuse together, forming multinucleated giant cells. This fusion enhances viral spread and can lead to the destruction of affected tissues.
Cellular damage and functional impairment: Viral infection can disrupt normal cellular processes, leading to impaired cell function. This can manifest as alterations in metabolism, cell cycle dysregulation, or interference with essential cellular pathways.

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