Consider a payoff matrix of a game shown below. In each cell, the number on the left is a payoff for Player A and the number on the right is a payoff for Player B. For Player A, strategy "Up" is called a Player A Up Down Left 3,1 1,4 strategy. Player B Right 2,3 0, 2
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- Consider the following two-player game.First, player 1 selects a number x≥0. Player 2 observes x. Then, simultaneously andindependently, player 1 selects a number y1 and player 2 selects a number y2, at which pointthe game ends.Player 1’s payoff is: u1(x; y1) = −3y21 + 6y1y2 −13x2 + 8xPlayer 2’s payoff is: u2(y2) = 6y1y2 −6y22 + 12xy2Draw the game tree of this game and identify its Subgame Perfect Nash Equilibrium.Paramter y = 0 If ⟨a, d⟩ is played in the first period and ⟨b, e⟩ is played in the second period, whatis the resulting (repeated game) payoff for the row player?Consider the payoff matrix for a game depicted below. Player 1 selects the row and Player 2 selects the column. Up Down Left 1, -1 -1, 1 Right -1, 1 1, -1 What is (are) the Nash equilibrium (equilibria)? Question 18Answer a. Player 1 plays right; Player 2 plays down b. Player 1 plays left; Player 2 plays down c. Player 1 plays down; Player 2 plays left d. Player 1 plays right; Player 2 plays up e. Player 1 plays up; Player 2 plays left f. There is no Nash equilibrium g. Player 1 plays down; Player 2 plays right h. Player 1 plays up; Player 2 plays right i. Player 1 plays left; Player 2 plays up
- . Find the Nash equilibrium of the following modified Rock-Paper-Scissors game: • When rock (R) beats scissors (S), the winner’s payoff is 10 and the loser’s payoff is −10. • When paper (P) beats rock, the winner’s payoff is 5 and the loser’s payoff is −5. • When scissors beats paper, the winner’s payoff is 2 and the loser’s payoff is −2. • In case of ties, both players receive 0 payoff. You are suposed to create a system of equations and then solve for them and find 3 probabilities- please show how to do that1. Ten commuters must decide simultaneously in the morning to use route A or route B to go from home (same place for all) to work (ditto). If a of them use route A, each of them will travel for 10a + 40 minutes; if b of them use route B, each of them will travel for 10b minutes. Everyone wishes to minimize his/her commuting time. a) Describe the pure Nash equilibrium (or Nash equilibria) of this ten-person game. Compute the corresponding profile of commuting times. Explicitly list all equilibrium conditions that are satisfied.Keith and Blake play a simultaneous one-shot game. Keith chooses between Top and Bottom, whereas Blake chooses between left and right. Payoffs are given by (Keith's payoffs are listed first and Blake's payoffs second): Top+left: 3,-6. Top+right:0,-7 Bottom+left:4,0. Bottom+right:-2,6. In a mixed strategy equilibria, Keith will play Top with what probability? 1. 6/7 2. 1/4 3. 1/2 4. 1/7 5. 0 6. 3/4
- Two farmers have unlimited access to a common plot of land and can let their cows graze on it. The matrix below shows the benefits they get from grazing either 1 or 2+ cows on the land. Farmer 2 Farmer1 1 cow 2+ cows 1 cow 8,8 2,10 2+cows 10,2 4,4 What kind of game is this? What is/are the Nash equilibrium/equilibria? What is/are the Pareto efficient outcome(s) in this game? (Hint: Remember that Pareto efficiency occurs when no one person can be made better off without someone else being made worse off) The government offers a reward or subsidy for communities where farmers only allow 1 cow to graze on the common field, resulting in a new payoff matrix:…Consider the following price game: Firm 1 Firm 2 High Low High 20, 20 12, 24 Low 24, 12 14, 14 Remark: In simultaneous move games (games with rows and columns) theconvention is to write the row player’s payoff first and the column player’spayoff second. (a) What is the Nash equilibrium of this game? Recall that for each playeryou should find the best response to each of the opponents’ strategies andunderline the associated payoff. Then look for a cell where both strategiesare best responses to each other. This is a Nash equilibrium. (b) Does either firm have a dominate strategy (a strategy that is always abest response)?Consider the following game. There are two payers, Player 1 and Player 2. Player 1 chooses a row (10, 20, or 30), and Player 2 chooses a column (10/20/30). Payoffs are in the cells of the table, with those on the left going to Player 1 and those on the right going to player 2. For example, a payoff 100/200 would mean Player 1 receives 100 and Player 2 receives 200.What is [are] the Nash Equilibrium [Equilibria] of this game?A) (10/10) and (20/20)B) (30/30)C) (10/20) and (20/10)D) (20/20)E) (30/30)
- if Y = 4 (a) If ⟨a,d⟩ is played in the first period and ⟨b,e⟩ is played in the second period, what is the resulting (repeated game) payoff for the row player? (b) What is the highest payoff any player can receive in any subgame perfect Nash equilibrium of the repeated game?H2. One day, Sam and Ryan play odds/evens to see who gets the last doughnut. On command, they each extend one or two fingers. If the sum is odd Sam wins the doughnut, if the sum is even Ryan wins the doughnut. Suppose the payoff from winning the doughnut is 1 and the payoff from losing is 0. a) Illustrate this interaction as a game in matrix form. b) Suppose that Sam thinks that Ryan will play one finger for sure? What will Sam play? Does Sam have reason to think that Ryan will play one finger for sure? c) Do either of them have a strictly dominated strategy? d) Find the pure strategy Nash equilibria of the game, if any. e) Suppose that Sam thinks that Ryan will play one finger or two fingers with even odds. Will Ryan play one finger for sure, play two fingers for sure or play each strategy with even odds? Does Sam have good reason to believe that Ryan will play one finger or two fingers with even odds?There are three players who must each choose an “effort” level from 1 to 7, that is, Si = {1, 2, 3, ..., 7}. The payoff for each player i is ui(si, s−i) = 10 max{s1, s2, s3} − si. How many pure- strategy Nash equilibria are there? Select one: a.2 b.4 c.none of the other answers d.3 e.1