Consider the following data on two fictional countries:1 and 2.. Country 1 Country 2 Output per worker (y) Physical Capital per Worker, k 120 100 50 100 Human Capital per Worker, h 50 25 If the production function is y = Ak°h'-a, where a = 0.5., then if all differences in output were due to differences in productivity country 1 output would be times greater than in Country 2 O 1.70 O 1.17
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- Consider the economies of Sporon and Gobbledigook, both of which produce gobs of goo using only tools and workers. Suppose that, during the course of 20 years, the level of physical capital per worker rises by 5 tools per worker in each economy, but the size of each labor force remains the same. Complete the following tables by entering productivity (in terms of output per worker) for each economy in 2015 and 2035. Sporon Year Physical Capital (Tools per worker) Labor Force (Workers) Output (Gobs of goo) Productivity (Gobs per worker) 2015 11 30 1,800 2035 16 30 2,160 Gobbledigook Year Physical Capital (Tools per worker) Labor Force (Workers) Output (Gobs of goo) Productivity (Gobs per worker) 2015 8 30 900 2035 13 30 1,620 Initially, the number of tools per worker was higher in Sporon than in Gobbledigook. From 2015 to 2035, capital per worker rises by 5 units in each country. The 5-unit change in capital per worker…In 1998, Brazil had a per capita GDP of about $4,500, compared to per capita GDP of about $28,000 in the US. (A) If per capita growth were to average 2% per year indefinitely in the US and 5% per year in Brazil, how many years would it take Brazil to catch up with the US? (B) Using the assumptions of the Cobb-Douglas production function, how fast would capital stock have to grow for per capita GDP to rise 5% per year? How does that compare with capital stock growth of 3% per year in the US (assume technology advances 1% per year in both countries)? (C) In mature industrialized societies, the capital/output ratio is approximately 3.0. If the average depreciation rate is 0.04, what would be the current saving and investment ratio in the US? What would it be in Brazil if per capita GDP rose 5% per year?Some resource-rich countries have succeeded in converting resource wealth into longterm and equitable economic development, while many others have not. Naturalresources have played a fundamental role in the growth of several industrializedeconomies, including Germany and the United Kingdom, where coal and iron ore depositswere a precondition for the Industrial Revolution. The United States was the world’sleading mineral economy from the mid-nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century and in thesame period became the world’s leader in manufacturing (van der Ploeg 2011). Morerecently, countries such as Botswana, Chile, and Norway have used abundant oil andmineral resources as the foundation for economic growth. However, in many othercountries, resource extraction appears to have undermined governance, fed corruptionand capital flight, and increased inequality.Required:(a) Discuss the main challenges posed by resource revenues; and(b) Discuss the special fiscal institutions and mechanisms…
- In our one country model of technology growth, y = A(1- γA). Suppose that the country temporarily raises its level of γA. (a) Draw two graphs, one for y and one for A, showing how the time paths of output per worker (y) and productivity (A) will compare under this scenario with what would have happened if there had been no change in γA Please do fast ASAP fastCountry Has Cobb-Douglas production function: Y(it) = A(it) x K(it)1/3L(it)2/3 Where: Y(it) = realGDP K(it) = Capital L(it) = No. workers employed in country (i) on date (t) Suppose multiple countries share the same alpha = 1/3 but different levels of totalfactorproductivity (A(it)). How would one calculate the average annual growth rate of totalfactorprodctivity of each countryThe “per person” versions of production functions: Write each productionfunction given below in terms of output per person y ; Y/L and capital perperson k ; K/L. Show what these “per person” versions look like in a graphwith k on the horizontal axis and y on the vertical axis. (Assume A is somefxed positive number.)(a) Y = K 1/3L2/3 and Y = K 3/4L1/4 (on the same graph) (b) Y = K(c) Y = K + AL(d) Y = K − AL
- Suppose that country A and country B currently have identical production possibility frontiers, but that country A devotes only 5 per cent of its resources producing capital goods over each of the next 10 years, whereas country B devotes 30 per cent. Which country is likely to experience more rapid economic growth in the future? Illustrate using a production possibility frontier graph. Your graph should include production possibility frontiers for country A today and in 10 years, and for country B today and in 10 years.Country Has Cobb-Douglas production function: Y(it) = A(it) x K(it)1/3L(it)2/3 Where: Y(it) = realGDP K(it) = Capital L(it) = No. workers employed in country (i) on date (t) Suppose multiple countries share the same alpha = 1/3 but different levels of totalfactorproductivity (A(it)). Now Instead of the above function the production function changes to: Y(it) = A(it) x K(it)1/3 x (H(it)L(it))2/3 Y(it) = realGDP K(it) = Capital H(it) = Average hours worked p/worker (This is so the labour input is total hours opposed to employment) L(it) = No. workers employed in country (i) on date (t) These multiple countries share the same alpha = 1/3 but different levels of totalfactorproductivity (A(it)). How does this new variable in the formula impact TFP growth? What happens if the country has higher average hours per worker? what happens if the country has lower average hours per worker?1. Country A and B both have the production functionY = F (K, L) = K ½L ½or Y = K0.5 L0.5 a) What is the per-worker production function, y= f (k)? Please make sure to write specificfunctional form of the per-worker production function. b) Assume that neither country experiences population growth nor technological progressand that 4 percent of capital depreciates each year. Assume further that country A saves 24percent of output each year and country B saves 16 percent of output each year. Using youranswer from part a) and the steady-state condition, find the steady-state level of capital perworker for each country. Then find the steady-state levels of income per worker for eachcountry and steady-state level of consumption per worker for each country.
- Show that, when using a traditional economic production function,doubling our population can double our output if capital stocks alsodouble. Use the production function: Q = AK L , where A representstechnology in an economy, K capital, and L labor. Double K and L andshow that Q also doubles, assuming α=β=1/2. Now show that, when we incorporate natural capital into thediscussion, doubling the population does not increase output in thesame way (since natural capital cannot also grow). Use theproduction function: Q = AK L N , where N is natural capital. DoubleK and L and show that Q less than doubles, assuming α=β=γ=1/3.Review Porter’s Theory of Competitive Advantage and assess the extent to which the model canbe used to explain (fully or partially) growth and development in the Caribbean region. Howinline is the model with the views of economic development put forward by Best and Lewis? Limit answer to 200 wordsThis is a really straightforward problem of human capital acquisition. Let ht stand for generation t's human capital (i.e., human capital of people born in year t). Assume that education spending, represented by x and quantified in $1,000 US dollars, builds human capital. If x = 30, the entire expenditure is 30,000 dollars, and the individual's human capital is ht = 2x.Assume that everyone has the same amount of human capital and that production per person is the same.Individual is yt = Aht, where A > 0 is a constant technological parameter.Find yt's (long-term) growth rate. Display all of your work and explain how you arrived at your conclusions.