Question 1: MIPS assembly to machine code Convert the following MIPS instruction into machine language. If a field of the machine code is not defined, enter all Os for that field. For J-type instructions, the argument is a 32-bit address. You may assume that the 4 most-significant bits of this address are the same as the instruction's address in the instruction memory (i.e., PC+4[31:28] is the same as argument[31:28]) lw $21, 16($9) Machine Code = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Your answer should consist of 32 ones and zeros. Feel free to uses spaces to group your bits; we'll remove them before checking your answer. A copy of the MIPS_green_sheet.pdf is available for your reference

Question 1: MIPS assembly to machine code Convert the following MIPS instruction into machine language. If a field of the machine code is not defined, enter all Os for that field. For J-type instructions, the argument is a 32-bit address. You may assume that the 4 most-significant bits of this address are the same as the instruction's address in the instruction memory (i.e., PC+4[31:28] is the same as argument[31:28]) lw $21, 16($9) Machine Code = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Your answer should consist of 32 ones and zeros. Feel free to uses spaces to group your bits; we'll remove them before checking your answer. A copy of the MIPS_green_sheet.pdf is available for your reference

Name: Question 1: MIPS assembly to machine codeConvert the following MIPS i
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Description: Question 1: MIPS assembly to machine codeConvert the following MIPS instruction into machine language. If a field of the machine code is not defined,enter all Os for that field. For J-type instructions, the argument is a 32-bit address. You may assu

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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The following diagram shows some registers like processor registers R1 and R2, Program counter PC and Index Register XR along with their corresponding values. It also shows a memory with some instructions like instruction A and next instruction. The memory holds instruction B which consists of four fields as given above. First field of instruction represents the addressing Mode (I), second field specifies Opcode (operation code) ADD representing operation addition, the third field represents Address field 1 and the fourth field represents Address field 2. Consider the following addressing modes, evaluate the result of execution of above instruction by giving steps of evaluation for each addressing mode for the scenario given above. Ø Immediate Mode Ø Direct Mode Ø Register Ø Relative Mode Ø Index Mode Choose your own values for variables (v – w), T1, T2. Choose any one of the given value for T3 (200 or 300). V=700 W=800 T1=200 T2=200 T3=300
The following diagram shows some registers like processor registers R1 and R2, Program counter PC and Index Register XR along with their corresponding values. It also shows a memory with some instructions like instruction A and next instruction.The memory holds instruction B which consists of four fields as given above. First field of instruction represents the addressing Mode (I), second field specifies Opcode (operation code) ADD representing operation addition, the third field represents Address field 1 and the fourth field represents Address field 2. Consider the following addressing modes, evaluate the result of execution of above instruction by giving steps of evaluation for each addressing mode for the scenario given above. Immediate Mode  Direct Mode Register Relative Mode Index ModeNote: Choose your own values for variables k – w, T1, T2. Choose any one of the given value for T3 (200 or 300).
We will explore the impact of cache capacity on performance, focusing exclusively on the data cache and excluding instruction storage in the caches. Cache access time is directly linked to its capacity. For the sake of simplicity, let's assume that accessing the main memory takes 100ns, and in a specific program, 50% of instructions involve data access. Two distinct processors, denoted as P1 and P2, are engaged in executing this program. Each processor is equipped with its own L1 cache. L1 size L1 Miss Rate L1 Hit Time P1 64 KB 3.6% 1.26 ns P2 128 KB 3.1% 2.17ns (a) What is the AMAT for P1 and P2 assuming no other levels of cache?
6. Assume that two numbers: dividend and divisor are saved in memory address M1 and M2 respectively. Quotient and remainder should be saved in R1 and R2 respectively. Write assembly language instructions and then list microoperations for each instruction and list the control signals required to be activated for each microoperation. MBR is used as buffer for any register to register transfer operation. Signal Description: Control signals operation Comments C0 MAR to RAM (through address bus) C1 PC to MBR C2 PC to MAR C3 MBR to PC C4 MBR to IR C5 RAM to MBR C6 MBR to ALU C7 Accumulator to ALU C8 IR to MAR C9 ALU to Accumulator C10 MBR to Accumulator C11 Accumulator to MBR C12 MBR to RAM (through data bus) C13 IR to Control Unit C14 MBR to R1 C15 MBR to R2 C16 MBR to R3 C17 MBR to R4…
5. Consider the 2-address instruction SUB R1, X which subtract the contents of location X from the contents of register R1 and places the result in R1. The ALU can complement either of its inputs, but it cannot subtract. Integers are stored in two’s complement representation.List the sequence of micro-operations to implement the instruction. Assume processor registers PC, MAR, MBR, IR with their usual meanings
1. Caches are important to providing a high-performance memory hierarchy to processors. Below is a list of 32-bit memory address references, given as word addresses. 42, 137, 66, 50, 38, 225, 173, 22, 19, 88, 51, 43 a. For each of these references, identify the binary address, the tag, and the index given a direct mapped cache with 16 one-word blocks. Also list if each reference is a hit or a miss, assuming the cache is initially empty. b. For each of these references, identify the binary address, the tag, and the index given a direct mapped cache with two-word blocks and a total size of 8 blocks. Also list if each reference is a hit or a miss, assuming the cache is initially empty. Please explain the process.
I want all staps for Consider a computer which has a memory which is capable of storing 4096 K words and each word in memory can be of size 32 bits. The computer supports a total of “6” addressing modes, and it has “8” computer registers. The computer supports instructions, where each instruction consists of following fields: • Mode • Operation code • Register • Register • Memory Address Given that each instruction will be stored in one memory word, discuss with a suitable diagram the format of instruction by specifying number of bits for each field of instruction. Discuss each field of instruction
Consider the following sequence of instructions, where the syntax consists of an opcode followed by the destination register followed by one or two source registers (see image 1). Assume the use of a four-stage pipeline: fetch, decode/issue, execute, write back. Assume that all pipeline stages take one clock cycle except for the execute stage. For simple integer arithmetic and logical instructions, the execute stage takes one cycle, but for a LOAD from memory, five cycles are consumed in the execute stage. If we have a simple scalar pipeline but allow out-of-order execution, we can construct the following table for the execution of the first seven instructions (see image 2). The entries under the four pipeline stages indicate the clock cycle at which each instruction begins each phase. In this program, the second ADD instruction (instruction 3) depends on the LOAD instruction (instruction 1) for one of its operands, r6. Because the LOAD instruction takes five clock cycles, and…
Iwill all steps for The following diagram shows some registers like processor registers R1 and R2, Program counter PC and Index Register XR along with their corresponding values. It also shows a memory with some instructions like instruction A and next instruction. The memory holds instruction B which consists of four fields as given above. First field of instruction represents the addressing Mode (I), second field specifies Opcode (operation code) ADD representing operation addition, the third field represents Address field 1 and the fourth field represents Address field 2. Consider the following addressing modes, evaluate the result of execution of above instruction by giving steps of evaluation for each addressing mode for the scenario given above. Ø Immediate Mode Ø Direct Mode Ø Register Ø Relative Mode Ø Index Mode Choose your own values for variables (v – w), T1, T2. Choose any one of the given value for T3 (200 or 300). V=700 W=870 T1=100 T2=200 T3=300
A 32-bit computer has 32 registers, and a memory addressed by bytes with two cycles for reading and writing operations. Consider the instruction ADD, R1, addr. This instruction adds the value stored in R1 to the value stored in the memory address addr, and stores the result in the register R1. a) Show a possible format for this instruction, having into account that the computer has 100 machine instructions and the addresses are represented using 32 bits. b) Indicate the elemental operations and control signals needed to execute the previous instruction.
B) Amain memory address is viewed as consisting of multiple fields. List and define these fields for Direct Mapped Cache, Associative Mapped Cache and Set-associative Mapped Cache Memory.
1. The hypothetical machine has two I/O instructions: 0011 = Load AC from I/O 0111 = Store AC to I/O In these cases, the 12-bit address identifies a particular I/O device. List the steps for every execution for the following program and illustrate using table that explain the process below : a. Load AC from device 5. b. Add contents of memory location 940. c. Store AC to device 6. d. Assume that the next value retrieved from device 5 is 3 and that location 940 contains a value of 2. Please pointing a, b,c ans. Because one I already upload this question and I didn't understand which one is and of a...please write ans a, b , c please