Crystal: Calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate in kidney stones If it is something harmful, what can be done to avoid its formation?
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Crystal: Calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate in kidney stones
If it is something harmful, what can be done to avoid its formation?
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- Most vitamins can be classified either as fat soluble, which resultsin their tendency to accumulate in the body (so that taking toomuch can be harmful), or water soluble, which results in theirtendency to be quickly eliminated from the body in urine. Examinethe structural formulas and space-filling models of these vitaminsand determine whether each one is fat soluble (mostly nonpolar) orwater soluble (mostly polar).At low salt concentration, proteins are less solubleBlood volume must be restored in a person who has lost large amounts of blood due to serious injury. This is often accomplished by infusing isotonic NaCl solution into the blood. Why is this more effective than infusing an isoosmotic solution of a penetrating solute, such as urea?
- On your bench, there are two tubes, Tube X and Tube Y. One tube contains 1.2 mL of 300 mosm Sucrose, and the other tube contains 1.2 mL of 300 mosm Urea. After adding 20 ul of blood to each tube, you observed the hemolysis in Tube X, but not in Tube Y. Which of the following two tubes contains Sucrose or Urea? Tube X = Tube Y = If the 2 solutions have the same osmolarity, explain how can they lead to different cell responses?Synthesized proteins are processed either inside the organelles or in the cytoplasm True FalseWhich of the following causes the kidney to conserve/retain sodium? a. aldosterone b. vasopressin c. oxytocin d. corticosterone Which of the following class of chemicals exerts its effects by entering cells, binding intracellular receptors, and affecting gene expression? a. Peptides b. Steroids c. Bioactive amines d. Amino acids
- Which has the greatest buffering capacity at a physiological ph? Tyr-Lys-Met Gly-Pro-Ara Asp-Trp-tvr V Asp-His-Glu Leu-Val-Phe His-Ala-HisWhen a person becomes dehydrated, the amount of water in extracellular fluids such as blood decreases, causing the solute concentration of these fluids to increase. State whether osmosis results in water entering or leaving cells.Gout is caused by an error in metabolism that leads to abuildup of uric acid in body fluids, which is deposited as slightlysoluble sodium urate (C₅H₃N₄O₃Na) in the joints. If the extra-cellular [Na⁺] is 0.15 Mand the solubility of sodium urate is0.085 g/100. mL, what is the minimum urate ion concentration(abbreviated [Ur⁻]) that will cause a deposit of sodium urate?