Q: What is Monoclonal Antibody? Write down its productions, applications, and limitations with proper…
A: Monoclonal antibodies are those antibodies that are identical to that of antibody which targets one…
Q: Relate examples of secondary immunodefi ciencies.
A: Secondary immunodeficiency - Secondary immunodeficiency are the disorder, which is caused by…
Q: Briefly explain about Two types of Immunomodulators(Immunosuppressant and Immunostimulant)
A: Immunomodulators These drugs redesign the immune system and are used in immune therapy. The common…
Q: How does Antibody test detect Covid-19 antibodies?
A: The glycoproteins which are synthesized by the B cells differing in their amino acid sequence and…
Q: What is immunoassay? Differentiate direct and indirect immunoasay tests.
A: In immunology, antigen (Ag) refers to any particle or object that is capable of elucidating immune…
Q: Define the term immunological surveillance, and identify the cells involved in this function.
A: Immunological surveillance is the monitoring process of immune system that detects and also destroys…
Q: Explain what immunoaffinity extraction consists of when applied to obtaining steroids
A: Liquid chromatography (LC) and the targeted attachment of antibodies or related substances are both…
Q: What causes primary immunodefi ciencies and acquired immunodefi ciencies?
A: Immunodeficiency, otherwise called immuno-compromisation, is a state where the immune framework's…
Q: How might IRA B cells prevent bacterial sepsis?
A: Innate response activator B cells are a subset of B-1a derived B cells that produce the growth…
Q: What are side effects most common to immunosuppressive therapy? Why there is a high risk of…
A: The type of drugs or medicines that suppresses the strength of the body's immune system is referred…
Q: Describe the purpose of immunological memory, and explain ?how it develops
A: The capability of the body to recognize and fight against foreign and harmful particles is called…
Q: Why is IgM particularly effective at cross-linking antigens?
A: Antigens can be defined as the substances that is responsible for triggering the immune response…
Q: Define specificity and sensitivity as these terms relate to immunological testing.
A: Immunological tests employ an artificial antigen or antibody to detect the presence of an antibody…
Q: Describe the two major ways in which monoclonal antibodies are used for immunotherapy
A: Immunotherapy means treating a disease by inducing the immune response of the individual.…
Q: Illustrate the solid phase “sandwich” immunoassaY AND What does the “s” in HBs stand for? What other…
A: Introduction: The antigen-antibody reaction is an association between an antigen and the antibody…
Q: Describe the structure and basic functions of the five major typesof immunoglobulins.
A: Immunoglobulins or antibodies are the molecules that function in the defense system of the body.…
Q: What is the reason behind immunodeficiency in SCID ?
A: SCID is a Severe combined immunodeficiency disorder that occurs due to deficiency of both B and T…
Q: Explain in detail differences between complement protein and complement regulatory protein?
A: The immune system is involved in protecting the body from pathogens such as viruses and bacteria,…
Q: Briefly explain the immunological responses to bacterial superantigens and explain how they differ…
A: By the Bartleby guidelines, only one question can be answered at at time. The first question has…
Q: What is the name of protein subjected to IP? What is the importance of the pY blot? How many…
A: Immunoprecipitation or IP is a technology that precipitates a protein from the solution with the…
Q: EIAs are extremely sensitive diagnostic tools. Why,then, is the immunoblot (Western blot) procedure…
A: EIA stands for enzyme immunoassay, is a diagnostic test that can be divided into two types based on…
Q: What is severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) ? Explain the symptoms & causes of severe…
A: BASIC INFORMATION DISEASE It is basically the illness of the body. This affects our bodily functions…
Q: Identify the intrinsic and extrinsic properties of an immunogen.
A: Immune system protects the body against infection. It is a complex network of cells and proteins.…
Q: How is immunological surveillance useful?
A: Immunological surveillance, additionally known as immune police work, maybe a big bang theory that…
Q: Describe the six types of antigen preparations for making vaccines.
A: Vaccines are basically preparations of biological components that help develop an immune response…
Q: What are natural activeimmunization and artificialactive immunization?
A: Immunity refers to every mechanism of the body that helps to protect the body from harmful foreign…
Q: Briefly describe three ways that antibody diversity is increased.
A: Any foreign material that enters the body and causes harm is referred to as an antigen. The protein…
Q: What is involved in the four categories of B-cell and T-cell-mediatedimmunopathologies outlined by…
A: Hypersensitivity reactions are exaggerated and inappropriate immune responses against antigens or…
Q: Name and in brief describe the process by which immunological diversity is generated ?
A: Introduction Antibodies can be induced by virtually all microorganisms. Antibodies must be diverse…
Q: please help explain would SARS-CoV-2 N-nucleocasid protein be good target for neutralizing…
A: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)- coronavirus 2 (CoV-2) has caused the COVID-19 pandemic of…
Q: Explain why people with B-cell deficiencies can benefit from artificial passive…
A: B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype. They…
Q: Name an immune immunosuppressive agent?
A: Immunosuppressants are drugs or medicines are also called as immunosuppressive agents are used to…
Q: Why is an HIV vaccine needed? Describe and explain in detail
A: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that contains a single stranded RNA as its…
Q: How does having this additional information make the vaccine more effective?
A: Gene splicing mechanism is known as a post-translational modification. In this form of modification,…
Q: t Are The Uses Of Indirect Immuno Fluorescence?
A: The immunofluorescence technique, which used a fluorescence microscope to read the specific…
Q: Describe the significance and need for receptor editing as a part of elimination of self-reactive B…
A: Autoimmune resistance prevents cells from causing potentially damaging reactions to host tissues.…
Q: Discuss how superantigens are different from other antigens andhow they contribute to pathology.
A: Superantigens (SAgs) are a class of antigens that result in excessive activation of the immune…
Q: Describe 2 methods of immunotherapy currently in use, and the clinical results of one of these (ie,…
A: Immunotherapy is a theraputic approach by which we makecan use of the concepts of immunology to…
Q: Identify cells that can function as antigen-presenting cells (APCs)
A: Antigen-presenting cells are the immune cells that detect, engulf and produce an adaptive immune…
Q: Describe hybridoma technique for developing monoclonal antibodies.
A: Technology is utilized in science, while science is used in technology. Both are vital to our…
Q: Describe the development of antibodies to a specificantigen.
A: Human body have their own system to protect themselves from harmful bacteria, Viruses which are…
Q: Briefly explain the characteristics of the Immunoglobulin (Ig) Classes.
A: Immunoglobulin are proteins in nature. These are present on the surface of B cells and are secreted…
Q: What diversity-generating mechanisms function toproduce the nearly unlimited variety of…
A: Immunity is the ability of the body to fight against foreign antigen in order to prevent any…
Q: Name and in a brief describe the process by which immunological diversity is generated.
A: The ability of multicellular creatures to withstand dangerous germs is referred to as immunity.…
Define the Immunotherapy with genetically engineered T
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- In radial immunodiffusion what are the circular precipitating rings composed of, and what do they represent?Can S-layer proteins be detected by immunolabelling when a capsule is present? How do you know? I need help finding the answer in the article and explain in short answer link to article: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC106848/Define the term immunological surveillance, and identify the cells involved in this function.