Define therapeutic index and explain its importance.

Q: Explain the role of  toxicological parameters ED50 in ensuring the safety of a drug candidate.…

A: Toxicological parameters - It is the level of toxicity to determine drug usage. The toxicological…

Q: What is DPI? What are the advantages of DPI over MDI? How drug is aerosolized from a DPI system?…

A: Inhalers are the devices which delivers the medication to the targeted organ with effective drug…

Q: find stereochemistry, (from the structure) , rotational bond and geometrical / optical isomer for…

A: Phenyotin  is a synthetic compound and also called Diphenylhydantoin and it is a potent…

Q: Identify the possible intermolecular forces existing in the structures presented below and justify.…

A: The given drug is doxorubicin. It is also known as Adriamycin and is used as chemotherapy medication…

Q: For each of the following pharmacologic classification of antihypertensive agents, list (a) at least…

A: Medications that treats hypertension or increased levels of blood pressure are known as…

Q: Explain synthetic lethality.

A: Synthetic lethality is a condition which arises when a combination of deficiencies in the expression…

Q: Discuss the various categories of controlled substances, and give specific drug examples in each…

A: Controlled substances: Any type of chemical that has the potential to alter the physical and mental…

Q: Summarize the major physicochemical properties of small molecule drugs and how each of these will…

A: The physicochemical properties of the small drug molecule are associated to elicit the therapeutic…

Q: Discuss the effects of glass packaging materials on pharmaceutical dosage form? Discuss at your own…

A: Packaging refers to the process of wrapping or safeguarding products in preparation for delivery,…

Q: what is pharmacophore? what is the importance of pharmacophore in drug discovery?

A: The drug is the chemical substance that is responsible for altering the function of living things.…

Q: Explain the role of different toxicological parameters (i.e. ED50, TD50, LD50, NOAEL, LOAEL, etc.)…

A: A drug is any substance that can affect psychology or physiology when taken into the body. It is…

Q: Explain mechanisms of drug toxicity? How various strategies are used to treat the drug toxicity and…

A: Drug toxicity can be outlined as the toxicity which occurs because of ingesting more drugs that are…

Q: Using a schematic diagram, illustrate the process of the following stages of drug development:…

A: Stage 1: Discovery and Development:Drug disclosure is the manner by which new prescriptions are…

Q: When two antimicrobial drugs are used at the same time, antagonistic effects can occur. Which of the…

A: When two or more drugs are used together, there happens to be some interactions between the drugs…

Q: How we can improve (potency, selectivity and decrease in toxicity ) for the development of a…

A: Antihistamines are drugs that are used to treat allergic conditions like sneezing, runny nose,…

Q: Explain the relationship between the minimum inhibitory concentrationand the therapeutic index. What…

A: Microorganisms are resistant or susceptible to antimicrobial drugs. It can be determined by drug…

Q: Discuss the difference between first-generation and second-generation antihistamines

A: Antihistamines is a family of drug used for the treatment of allergic reactions. Histamines are…

Q: Can you determine why some drugs have narrower spectra than others?

A: A narrow-spectrum antimicrobial targets only specific subsets of bacterial pathogens. For example,…

Q: Considering the amount of drug information available in the internet, how will you know which one to…

A: Drug information refers to giving therapeutically relevant information on any element of drug usage,…

Q: Why excipients are used in drug formulation? Explain the role of excipients in preparation with…

A: Drug excipients are essentially inactive substances apart from the active ingredients, which are…

Q: what is lead compound ? define lead compound in terms of drug discovery?

A: Drug discovery and development is the process by which a potential drug candidate is identified,…

Q: Explain the uses of the minimum inhibitory concentration and thetherapeutic index in drug selection.

A: Microbes that cause diseases are called pathogens.

Q: what are the purpose of drug metabolism?

A: Drug metabolism is metabolic breakdown of drugs in the body with the help of specific enzymes. It is…

Q: Explain the major mechanisms by which microbes becomeresistant to drugs.

A: Antimicrobial resistance refers to the condition that occurs when microorganisms such as bacteria,…

Q: Explain the term first-pass eject or hepatic metabolism of the drug. What effect does first-pass…

A: Introduction:- Drugs are the form or a type of medicine which are used to treat different types of…

Q: Identify the general categories of the cellular targets of physical and chemical agents.

A: A cell is the basic unit of life that eventually assembles into a whole creature. A cell contains a…

Q: Describe the factors that affect both drug absorption and bioavailability.

A: Drug absorption : The most important principle in pharmacokinetics theory is drug absorption. The…

Q: Define about Sulfa Drugs ?

A: Antibiotics are considered chemical compounds, which are helping to prevent bacterial infections.

Q: describe four modes of action of antimicrobial agents, and give a specific example of how each works

A:

Q: explain how the different targets of antimicrobial drugs work in relation to selective toxicity.

A: Bacteria is a prokaryote that can be found everywhere in this world. Some are harmful and some are…

Q: Enumerate the different sources of drug. Provide example for each source. Discuss the advantages and…

A: Sources of drugs Natural sources Plants Animals Microbes Minerals Artificial sources Synthetic Semi-…

Q: Describe drawbacks associated with the use of topical powder dosage forms, and provide examples of…

A: Powders are dry mixtures of finely split medicinal and non-medicinal ingredients intended for…

Q: Describe three situations where you would use an excipient in your drug formulation and how you…

A: Excipients can be outlined as inert substances that are utilized in the drugs as diluents.…

Q: What is drug stability in pharmacy?

A: It is asked, what is drug stability in pharmacy?

Q: Define the concept of drug bioavailability and briefly explain how it is experimentally determined.…

A: bio-availability of a drug is the indicator or measure to check how much the administered dosage of…

Q: Explain the role of  toxicological parameters LOAEL in ensuring the safety of a drug candidate.…

A: In the development of a new drug, it is very important make sure about the safety profile of the…

Q: Name the desirable characteristics of chemical control agents.

A: In most cases, chemical agents aren't designed to sterilise. The majority of the time, pathogens are…

Q: With references added,give a detailed mechanism of action for the drug Entresto.

A: ENTRESTO- ENTRESTO is a combination of two medications: valsartan, a neprilysin inhibitor, and…