Describe how the cells of the acquired-immunitysystem develop so that they do not recognize self-antigens but dorecognize foreign antigens.

Q: Explain the type, order of appearance, and amount of immunoglobulin in each response and what causes…

A: Antibodies are soluble glycoproteins composed of a pair of identical polypeptide light chain and…

Q: Distinguish between a primary and a secondary immune response.

A: Adaptive immunity is also referred to as acquired immunity. It is characterized as the dual system…

Q: Distinguish between active and passive immunity.Give examples of each.

A: Immunology is the branch of science which deals with the study of the immune system, immune response…

Q: Distinguish between cellular and humoral immunity.

A: Lymphocytes are the functional units of the immune system; they express their specific activity in…

Q: Explain the role of MHC in establishing immunity

A: Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is a cluster of genes which is tightly linked and is found in…

Q: Describe passive immunity and give examples of how it may occur naturally and how it may be…

A: Immunity is the type of defense system present within the body from the time of birth that protects…

Q: Define the concepts of specificity and memory as theyapply to immunity

A: The immune system of a vertebrate can be divided into two major categories, innate immunity, and…

Q: Define immunological tolerance, and explain mechanisms that may be responsible for T and B…

A: The lymphocyte is the type of white blood cell present in the vertebrate immune system. Lymphocytes…

Q: Describe life-span changes in immunity.

A: The ability of the body to withstand any diseased condition post resisting any harmful microbes is…

Q: Describe the role of the thymus in cell-mediated immunity, and identify the different types of T…

A: Thymus gland is located in the thoracic cavity in between the sternum and trachea, superior to the…

Q: Describe the three components of innate immunity

A: The innate immune system provides defense against infection that may be activated immediately after…

Q: Define the key components that make up the innate immune system (e.g., macrophages, neutrophils,…

A: A key component of the innate immune system- Macrophage- Derived from blood monocyte and are…

Q: Explain what occurs in immune complex diseases and giveexamples.

A: Immune complexes also known as antigen-antibody complex which are the aggregates of antigen and…

Q: Explain what is meant by serotype-specific immunity.

A: Immunity is a complex biological phenomenon to different between self and nonself or foreign…

Q: Outline the immunological processes involved in the establishment of immune memory

A: Immune memory is a type of stored information or memory about an infection and pathogens by memory…

Q: Explain the differences between active artificial immunityand passive natural immunity.

A: The immune system is the body's natural defence against pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and…

Q: Explain specifics and nonspecific immunity

A: The immune system has a vital role in protecting the body from outside pathogens (bacteria, viruses,…

Q: Contrast a primary and a secondary immuneresponse.

A: The immune system of a body is broadly classified into innate and adaptive type. Innate immunity is…

Q: Describe the relative importance of innate immunitycompared to adaptive immunity

A: The immune system has a vital role in protecting the body from outside pathogens (bacteria,viruses,…

Q: Compare and contrast the general principles of innate and adaptive immunity

A: These can be caused by a pathogen or any other foreign agent. This function is carried out by the…

Q: Explain the difference between natural and artificial immunity, and give examples of each.

A: The term immunity refers to the defense response exhibited by the body for preventing the invasion…

Q: Describe how the cells of the acquired-immunity system develop so that they do not recognize…

A: The adaptive immunity is a part of the immune system that is formed of specialized cells that stop…

Q: Distinguish between humoral immune response and cell- mediated immune response.

A: DEFINITION  Humoral Immunity Humoral immunity is mediated by antibodies. It displays a fast response…

Q: Define acquired immunity.

A: Introduction :- Immunity in biology refers to an organism's capacity to fend off harmful microbes.…

Q: Differentiate between the major types of immune complexdiseases, and discuss their physiological…

A: Introduction: Immune complex refers to the antigen-antibody complex. this complex is formed when…

Q: Distinguish between innate and acquired immunity.

A: Immunity is the body's defensive mechanism against the various pathogens. It can helps in…

Q: Describe the attachment of antibodies to antigens. What eventuallyhappens to the antigens?

A: Antibody, likewise called immunoglobulin, a protective protein produced by the immune system in…

Q: Describe the mechanisms of fever and its role in nonspecific immunity.

A: Answer: Fever : It is the temporary inclination of the body temperature. Generally a normal body…

Q: Describe the characteristics that make specific immunity unique.

A: Adaptive immunity is a type of immune response which involves specialized immune cells that attack…

Q: Explain the actions of antibodies in protective immune reactions.

A: Immune system provides immunity or protection against foreign substances by involving specific…

Q: Differentiate between humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

A: The immune system is a complex system of proteins and cells that defends the body against infection.…

Q: Explain the four methods of acquiring immunity

A: Immunity- It is the ability of a person to fight against the infection or toxic effects of antigens.…

Q: Distinguish between immune specificity, memory,and tolerance.

A: The immune system has a vital role in protecting the body from outside pathogens (bacteria, viruses,…

Q: Describe natural and artificial examples of both active and passive immunity.

A: Immunity is a term refers to the ability of the body to fight against the antigen by producing…

Q: Define auto immunity.

A: Immunity is the defense system of multicellular organisms against the infection, diseases, and…

Q: Describe the primary functions and organs of the immune system.

A: Our invulnerable framework is comprised of both individual cells and proteins just as whole organs…

Q: Describe the cells that function as part of the nonspecific internal defenses in providing innate…

A: Introduction: The lymphoreticular system is responsible for immune response, and it comprises…

Q: Describe the role of the T lymphocytes in adaptive immunity

A: The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune system, is a subset of the immune…

Q: Explain how innate, antibody-mediated, and cellmediated immunity can function together to…

A: Introduction Immunity is the potential of our body to defend against pathogens and keeps our body…

Q: Compare and contrast natural acquired, active and passive immunity, giving examples of each

A: Immunity can be defined as the ability of the organism to resist against infections or diseases by…