Describe the process of protein synthesis and trafficking of a protein, a lysosomal hydrolase, destined to be inside the lysosome. You do not need to detail the mechanism of translation but do state the role of the ribosome in getting your hydrolase to the lysosome. In your description please give some detail on the function and purpose of the organelles the protein will pass through and how it gets from organelle to organelle. In other words what happens to the protein along the way?

Describe the process of protein synthesis and trafficking of a protein, a lysosomal hydrolase, destined to be inside the lysosome. You do not need to detail the mechanism of translation but do state the role of the ribosome in getting your hydrolase to the lysosome. In your description please give some detail on the function and purpose of the organelles the protein will pass through and how it gets from organelle to organelle. In other words what happens to the protein along the way?

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Description: Describe the process of protein synthesis and trafficking of a protein, a lysosomal hydrolase, destined to be inside the lysosome. You do not need to detail the mechanism of translation but do state the role of the ribosome in getting your hydrolase

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter2: Cell Physiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11RE

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describe the process of lysosomal hydrolase arriving to the lysosome. without including translation
describe in detail the pathway of lysosomal enzyme from the endoplasmic reticulum to the lysosome
You are investigating a lysosomal storage disease and you discover that newly synthesized lysosome hydrolases (proteins that should be sent to the lysosome) are secreted from the cells rather than being delivered to the lysosomes (where they should normally be located). What is the most likely explanation for this finding? (Hint: what might be different about the proteins that would cause them to not end up in the correct location?)
Using the the enzyme acid hydrolase in the lysosome: What is the final destination in which the protein will function? Which features will the protein receive during its manufacture? What is the primary structure (general)? Where is the primary structure made? Where are the secondary and tertiary structures made? Will the protein travel through any organelles during its manufacture? Which ones? What would be the overall result if some part of the manufacture process went wrong, such that the protein ended up as nonfunctional?
In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes are found both free in the cytosol and attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Proteins produced on the attached ribosomes are delivered to the ER, while proteins produced on free ribosomes are delivered to the cytosol. Briefly explain in one or two sentences the two processes in terms of the following: • ONE ultimate destination of a protein produced on an attached ribosome, and ONE general function of the protein (You do not need to identify the specific protein.) • ONE ultimate destination of a protein produced on a free ribosome, and ONE general function of the protein (You do not need to identify the specific protein.)
Ribosomes in the cytoplasm capture mRNA that can be translated into an enzyme for the lysosome. a) Explain what happens from the time the enzyme begins to form in the cytoplasm until it ends up in the lysosome and also explains how the enzyme is transported to the lysosome?
Describe the mRNA journey through the cell after the nucleus has given the instructions. Describe how each organelle affects the mRNA journey as it travel through the cell and, ultimately, through the cell membrane. Organelles you should mention include the nucleus, nuclear membrane, nucleolus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, cytoplasm, Golgi body, and plasma/cell membrane.
Which of the following statements are correct? explain your answers.A. An individual ribosome can make only one type of protein.B. All mRNAs fold into particular three-dimensional structures that are required for their translation. C. the large and small subunits of an individual ribosome always stay together and never exchange partners.D. ribosomes are cytoplasmic organelles that are encapsulated by a single membrane.E. Because the two strands of DNA are complementary, the mRNA of a given gene can be synthesized using either strand as a template.F. An mRNA may contain the sequence ATTGACCCCGGTCAA.G. the amount of a protein present in a cell depends on its rate of synthesis, its catalytic activity, and its rate of degradation.
MAKE A PROTEIN OR A STEROID AND MAKE IT FUNCTION: BEGINNING AT THE LEVEL OF THE GENE IN THE NUCLEUS DEFINE A GENE THE TRANSCRIBE IT, MOVE IT OUT TO THE RIBOCOMES IN THE CYTOPLASM FOR TRANSLATION. THEN GO THROUGH POST TRANSLATIONAL PORCESSING INVOLVING ALL THE ORGANELLES THAT WE HAVE DISCUSSED IN DETAIL. FINALLY AFTER THE PAST TRANSLATIONALLY PROCESSED PROTEIN IS IN IT'S SECRETORY VESICLE TRANSPORT IT TO THE CYTOPLASMIC MEMBRANE AND SECRETE IT VIA EXOCYTOSIS, DO NO DRAW THE STEPS!!! YOU MUST WRITE THE STEOS OUT IN DETAIL. UPLOAD YOU WORK IN THE PORTAL PLEASE!
Briefly describe the function of the following in protein synthesis. a. rRNA b. tRNA c. mRNA
In detail, describe how a protein is processed that is going to end up as a lysosomal enzyme. Start with the Ribosome and mRNA and end with the lysosome.
In a lysosomal storage disease, newly synthesized lysosome hydrolases are secreted from the cells rather than being delivered to the lysosomes. From the list below, what is the most likely reason? Please EXPLAIN. a) The cis-Golgi network lacks a proton gradient b) The ER is unable to produce lysosomal vesicles c) Lysosomal enzymes are not phosphorylated in the rER d) Mannose is not phosphorylated in the cis-Goligi network e) All the hydrolase genes are mutated, resulting in synthesis by ribosomes free in the cytoplasm rather than on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion