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- How is the Legal Charge and the violation of EPA Clean Water Act that relate to the deepwater horizon of BP oil?Explain how shipping lines responded to the international maritime organization's sulphur cap.How can UNIDO address the negative environmental impact of the semiconductor industry while preventing production prices from increasing?
- What is the Legal Charges? What is the Violations of EPA Clean Water Act? How is the Legal Charge and the violation of EPA Clean Water Act that relate to the deepwater horizon of BP oil?Explain rate of return regulation and price cap regulation. What are the major implications of these models for public utilities?Under what circumstances might an equal allocation of abatement responsibility across all firms in an industry do a pretty good job of achieving a desired overall level of abatement at the lowest overall cost, without the need to resort to market-based methods such as pollution taxes or cap-and-trade?
- Consider a competitive industry with production valued according to a MB = 200 - Q and production entails a private marginal cost MC = 50 + 2Q but also an external cost MCE = 30 + 2Q associated to air pollution resulting from the production process. Assuming that the producers do not have the right to pollute the air but they can legally buy the rights from potential victims, what price pR would they pay for those rights (assume that one right to pollute allows to produce one unit of output)? What quantity of output will producers produce if they have to buy the pollution rights? Is this solution efficient?How does capacity utilization affect the intensity of internal rivalry in the commercial airline industry?What roles does economics play in California energy regulation?.
- Suppose that under the United States-Canada Air Quality Agreement, both countries agree to a combined 30 percent SO2 abatement standard. Further assume that the following SO2 abatement cost functions have been estimated by each country: TACUS = 500 + 1.5(AUS)2 MACUS = 3 AUS TACCAN = 1000 + 3(ACAN)2 MACCAN = 6 ACAN A. If the countries implement a uniform abatement standard, find the resulting values of TAC and MAC for each nation. Based on these values, is there an economic incentive the two nations to participate in an emissions trading program? Explain. B. Assuming a trading program is enacted, find the cost savings associated with a cost-effective abatement solution? C. What must be the price of a tradeable permit to achieve the cost-effective abatement allocation?What is Lightbox Diamonds? How does the creation and market positioning of Lightbox Diamonds demonstrate a shift in De Beers' overall approach to managing the threat posted by the synthetic diamond industry? Explain your reasoning.The marginal benefit of being able to emit a ton of sulfur dioxide emissions for two firms are given by:MBX = 1000 – ( Ex / 2 )MBY = 600 – ( Ey / 3 ) Note that these marginal benefit figures can be interpreted as marginal cost of abating emission down to levels Ex and Ey.Government regulators want to reduce total sulfur dioxide emissions to a total of 1800 tons.a) If the government imposes the same standard of 900 tons maximum emissions on both firms what would be the total cost of abatement (calculated as the aggregated marginal benefits forgone)? b) If the government distributed 900 tradable pollution permits (one ton each) to each firm what would be the final allocation of these permits after the firms trade them?c) What would be the total cost of abatement in this latter case?