Draw a schematic diagram of a double beam fluorescence spectrophotometer.          Explain the design of a spectrofluorimeter for high throughput measurement.        Write down the name of two source lamps used in the fluorescence   spectrophotometer? How do you calibrate a fluorescence spectrophotometer?.

Q: Explain the importance of buffers and what are the main buffers in the body?

A: Almost all the biological processes are pH-dependent. A small change in the pH creates a drastic cha...

Q: 3. While the binding of Coomassie blue to proteins can lead to accurate measurements of protein conc...

A: Proteins absorb strongly at 280 nm due to the presence of aromatic amino acids (Phenyl alanine, tyro...

Q: Distinguish among fats, phospholipids, and steroids, and describe the composition, characteristics, ...

A: Lipids are organic molecules that are insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents. The three ...

Q: Complete the table below using the textbook or other information sources, if necessary. How will the...

A: A functional group is a group of atoms in a molecule that gives particular characteristics and chemi...

Q: How are blood glucose concentration affected by heavy alcohol consumption? Please explain with extre...

A: Alcohol plays major role on health. Alcohol can effect every organ of the body. In an average person...

Q: Using diagrams of your own design, demonstrate how pH affects the charge distribution of an amino ac...

A: Amino acid is a compound that contains both amine group and a carboxyl group in a same molecules. ...

Q: 1. Place 5 mL of starch solution in the test tubes. 2. Heat the test tubes to boiling and add to  1 ...

A: The food we consume is broken down to simpler molecules that are used to yield energy for the body. ...

Q: What is Metabolism? Discuss in layman's term

A:        Glucose metabolism's major pathway is glycolysis. Which take place in both aerobic as well as...

Q: Each of the following statements concerning mitochondria is true, EXCEPT a.The mitochondria require...

A:

Q: One of the main sources of sphingosine in the body is in the cell membrane. What complication could ...

A: Ceramide: These are the type of lipid molecules composed of sphingosine and fatty acids and are foun...

Q: what is the importance of getting retention factor (rf) value in chromotography tools?

A: Rf also known as retention factor is used in thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance li...

Q: The following RNA polymer is added to an E. coli extract, where it can be translated in all three po...

A: A reading frame is the sequence of nucleotides in a nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) molecule read into a s...

Q: 2. Circle & Name functional groups C-C-N но H. CH2 CH H,c CH3 HICI

A: The structure given is of the amino acid valine. Valine is a non-polar aliphatic amino acid. Functio...

Q: bisphosphoglycerate mutase is an example of Select one: a. transferase b. lyase c. none d. isomerase

A: The enzyme bisphosphoglycerate mutase is responsible for the synthesis of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate fr...

Q: You discover that one of your novel class IV transcription factors contains TBP. Describe an experim...

A: The TAFs are transcription factors associated with the TATA-binding protein, and until recently they...

Q: Draw and name the most prevalent anomeric form of glucose present in physiological systems?

A: Macromolecules are types of biomolecules that are needed in large amounts for the growth and develop...

Q: Which functional site is found in the small subunit of the ribosome? peptidyl transferase centre O d...

A: Ribosomes, huge ribonucleoprotein particles with three RNA molecules and more than 50 proteins, are ...

Q: What are the different types of solutions according to their concentration? What is its effect of ea...

A: Solutions: A solution is a homogenous mixture that contains a similar kind of substance (solute) di...

Q: Ammonia, NH3, is toxic to a wide range of aquatic organisms including snails, insects, and fish. The...

A: The equation establishing the relationship between ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH4+) in water is as ...

Q: Why are polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids considered as good for our health? Explain such phenomen...

A: Fatty acids are important components of lipids. Fatty acids are composed of hydrocarbon chain and a ...

Q: Is this an L or a D amino acid? Explain.

A: Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins which are composed of amino group (NH3+), carboxyl g...

Q: nucleic acid.  b) . What is/are the major chemical difference(s) between RNA and DNA?

A: It is the question about nucleic acid i. DNA and RNA. Both DNA and RNA  are nucleic acid but though ...

Q: Which

A: Presence of amino acids and its proximity  affects pka value of other

Q: How many different polypeptides would you expect to see synthesized by an in vitro translation react...

A: The mRNA is a sequence of ribonucleotides that contains three possible reading frames. Only one read...

Q: Under what conditions does Km represent the true binding affinity (i.e. Kd) of the substrate to the ...

A: Ans) option 1 is the correct answer. when kcat << k-1 km is the substrate concentrat...

Q: Is the phosphate functional group negatively charged in both a non-cellular and cellular environment...

A: A phosphate group is an important group that helps in the formation and hydrolysis of ATP molecules....

Q: What is the chemical nature of the chromophores of each of the three materials separated on CM-Sepha...

A:          Chromatography is a physical method for the separation of compounds. Two immiscible phases ...

Q: In a spectrophotometer, what should be the appearance on the graph if the sample is pure? presence o...

A: Spectrophometry is a widely used technique in identification and confirmation of chemical substances...

Q: Consider the following biochemical reaction. pyruvate + CoA-SH Acetyl-CoA + CO2 AG = -175 kJ Select ...

A: The change in free energy of a reaction ΔG is calculated by the equation: ΔG=ΔH −TΔS where ΔG is the...

Q: In elongation, the creation of peptide bonds between amino acids is catalyzed by a. rRNA. b. a prote...

A: The letters of the nucleic acids are translated into amino acids, i.e., from nucleotide language to ...

Q: Define polyunsaturated fat

A: Lipids are major macromolecules comprised of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen just like carbohydrates bu...

Q: Question 11: The ESI MS spectrum of a protein biomarker of a disease shows 3 consecutive peaks at m/...

A: Mass spectrometer has three important parts, an ionization source (to create atomic and molecular io...

Q: What is the term applied to the trinucleotide shown by the arrow? 5' AU Ру AGGCC G C G G G ACCACCUGe...

A: This a structure of tRNA, The tRNA molecule has a distinctive folded structure with three hairpin lo...

Q: Which type/s of histones is/are not part of the histone octamer wrapped by DNA strands but is found ...

A: Histones proteins are present as octamer (eight) complex at the center of nucleosome. It consist of ...

Q: Chemically, Olestra is made of a six-carbon backbone and six fatty acid attachments. No nutrients ar...

A: Olestra- Indigestible fat and composed of 6 fatty acid attachments.

Q: If a liver extract capable of carrying out normal metabolic reactions (including gluconeogenesis) is...

A: Gluconeogenesis is the metabolic route that leads to glucose production from non-carbohydrate carbon...

Q: Aspartate amino acids' pI values can be calculated as follows:

A: Aspartic acid is a standard amino acid and has a carboxylic group in its side chain. Due to the pres...

Q: Use the following to answer the questions below: In each of the following multiple-choice questions,...

A: Lipids are insoluble molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen just as carbohydrates but in ...

Q: What is MRI? Why do doctors order an MRI scan? What are the do’s and don’ts when undergoing an MRI...

A:

Q: What will be the color of saliva extraction with iodine in 3, 6 9, 12, 15, and 18 mins if: you put 5...

A:             Carbohydrates are divided into 3 classes monosaccharide, disaccharide, and polysacchari...

Q: Define micelle

A: The plasma membrane of cell or cell organelles is composed of the lipid bilayer. The lipid bilayer i...

Q: A newly discovered blob protein folds very rapidly in the presence of protein disulphide isomerase ...

A: Proteins are polypeptide structures consisting of one or more long-chain amino acid residues. They a...

Q: Provide a detailed narrative description of the mechanism of carbonic anhydrase.

A: Carbonic anhydrase : It is a metaloenzyme (complexed with zinc) which mainly catalyzes the inter con...

Q: I. Name the following carbohydrates using the proper way of naming/IUPAC system. a. Erythrose b. Lyx...

A: Since there are 3 questions asked, we will solve the first question. If you need the solutions of th...

Q: Upon the addition of diazonium salts, ketoacids like glutamate and pyruvate forms in the presence of...

A: 1. The correct answer of question is: a) both false    2. The correct answer of question is: d) incr...

Q: Prior to a marathon run, an athlete consumes large amounts of complex carbohydrates to do what is kn...

A: Carbohydrate loading is a strategy used by endurance athletes such as marathon runners to increase g...

Q: rate at an extremely high temperature

A: Enzyme activity is being measure by a property of enyzme that is able to increase reaction rate as c...

Q: The flux through a metabolic pathway with 10 enzymes increases by 10% which the concentration of enz...

A:   Enzymes are biocatalysts which increase the rate of a biochemical reaction by lowering the activat...

Q: People suffering with sickle cell anemia have a structural defect in hemoglobin (HB). The major reas...

A: Hemoglobin is the iron-containing pigment in the red blood cells which helps the blood to carry or t...

Q: What distance separates base-pairs in the Watson-Crick model of DNA? O 2.3Å O 3.4Å O 4.5Å O 5.6Å

A: DNA is a double helix structure that is made up of two long strands that are coiled around a central...