During a hypothetical process, the entropy of a system increases by 105 J K-1 while the entropy of the surroundings decreases by 95 J K-1 . Is the process spontaneous? Justify your answer.

Q: The entropy change ΔS for a phase transition equals ΔH/T, where ΔH is the enthalpy change. Why is it…

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Q: Consider the reaction: CO(g) + Cl₂(g)COCI₂(g) Using standard absolute entropies at 298K, calculate…

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Q: The enthalpy of vaporization of chloroform (CHCl3) is 29.4 kJ mol−1 at its normal boiling point of…

A: Given that, Enthalpy of vaporization of chloroform, ∆Hvap(CHCl3) chloroform= 29.4 kJ mol−1 =29400 J…

Q: Estimate the temperatures at which the following stratospheric reactions become spontaneous under…

A: Given: A thermodynamic data

Q: Consider the reaction: __NO(g) + __H2(g) = N2(g) + __H2O(l) for which ΔS˚= -551.7 J/K at 25°C.…

A: The given reaction: __NO(g) + __H2(g) = N2(g) + __H2O(l) ΔS˚= -551.7 J/K at 25°C The entropy change…

Q: (b) Calculate the increase in entropy when 1.00 mol of a monatomic perfect gas with Cp,m = (5/2)R is…

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Q: For the isothermal expansion of a gas into a vacuum,ΔE = 0, q = 0, and w = 0. (a) Is this a…

A: (a) The spontaneous process is the process which starts on its own or initiate without any external…

Q: A system contains 859 particles and has 4.43 x 1025 possible configurations. What is the entropy of…

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Q: Explain the single criterion for a physical process to be classified as spontaneous.

A: Spontaneous processes are the changes occur without work to be done on the system and it occurs…

Q: Under standard conditions the absolute entropy of liquid water is (H2O(l)) = 69.91 J K-1 mol-1 .…

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Q: PE6.2 Calculate the standard molar Gibbs free energy change (AGran) at 298 K and at 400 K for the…

A: Standard molar Gibbs free energy change, is the change in free energy which occurs when one mole of…

Q: Suppose that when you exercise, you consume 100 g of ghucose and that all the energy rekased as heat…

A: Enthalpy of combustion of glucose = -2805 KJ/molMolecular mass of glucose = 180g/molGiven mass =…

Q: Many of the biological reactions that are essential for the formation and maintenance of highly…

A: The correct answer is given below

Q: Which thermodynamic quantities are not a state function?

A: Both path and state functions are frequently faced in thermodynamics. A thermodynamic property whose…

Q: A reaction has ΔH °rxn = -112 kJ and ΔS °rxn = 354 J/K. At what temperature is the change in entropy…

A: The quantity of energy that is absorbed inside the system at a given temperature during a particular…

Q: The absolute molar entropies of oxygon gas and nitrogen gas are 205 J mol-1 K-1 and 192 J mol-1 K-1…

A: Given : Molar entropy of N2 = 192 J/mol.K Molar entropy of O2 = 205 J/mol.K Moles of N2 = 9.2 mol…

Q: Consider the reaction: 2H₂O(1) 2H₂(g) + O₂(g) Using standard thermodynamic data at 298K, calculate…

A: Enthalpy change of reaction (∆H) is calculated from enthalpies of formations of Products and…

Q: 4. Calculate the change in entropy if 3 moles of a gas undergo an isothermal, reversible expansion…

A: Entropy is a measure of randomness of system due to excess of energy in it  In isothermal condition…

Q: Consider the reaction. N₂(g) + 20₂(g) 2NO₂(g) Using standard thermodynamic data at 298K, calculate…

A: Given :-  The balanced reaction, N2(g) + 2O2(g) → 2NO2(g) .... (A)  Moles of N2 = 2.46 mol…

Q: As a system goes from state A to state B, its entropy decreases. What can you say about the number…

A: Given: Here there is a decrease when the system goes from state A to state B. The objective is to…

Q: Recall that for a monoatomic ideal gas, CV = (3/2)R. If an equal number of moles of any three ideal…

A: The ideal gas equation is given by  PV = nRT

Q: Consider the reaction: NH4Cl(aq)NH3(g) + HCl(aq) Using standard thermodynamic data at 298K,…

A: Interpretation -  To determine the  entropy change for the surroundings when 1.76 moles of NH4Cl(aq)…

Q: The heat capacity, Cp, of liquid carbon disulfide is a relatively constant 78 J/(mol K). However,…

A: Solution In this question we use Third Law of Thermodynamics it tells us that as T → 0 K, S → 0.…

Q: CALCULATE THE CHANGE OF ENTROPY OF GAS WHEN 16.08g of N2 nitrogen expands isothermally from 0.82L to…

A: Given information, Mass of nitrogen (m) = 16.08 g Temperature (T) = 290.7 K Initial Volume (V1) =…

Q: A sample of aluminium of mass 1.00 kg is cooled at constant pressure from 300 K to 250 K. Calculate…

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Q: The heat capacity of trichloromethane in the range 240 K to 330 K is given by the equation: Cp,m (J…

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Q: The Third Law of Thermodynamics states that the entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero (0 K)…

A: As per the third law of thermodynamics, the entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero (0K) is 0.…

Q: Water is heated from 25 °C to 35 °C. By how much does its chemical potential change? The standard…

A: Chemical potential (μi) It is called as partial molar Gibb's free energy. It is the change in Gibb's…

Q: For the isothermal expansion of a gas into a vacuum, ∆E = 0, q = 0, and w = 0. (a) Is this a…

A: For the given system, the change in entropy of the system is positive because the measure of the…

Q: What is the signifi-cance of entropy being a state function?

A: Entropy is a thermodynamic state function that determines randomness in a system.  When we raise…

Q: In the expression, S = k In W, W is caled the number of microstates. Explain clearly the meaning of…

A: The system can exist in a discrete (but possibly infinite) set of microstates. A microstate defines…

Q: Under what circumstance can the entropy of a system decrease for a spontaneous process?

A: Entropy measures the degree of randomness in the system. When a substance changes its phase solid to…

Q: For a process that occurs at a constant temperature, does the change in Gibbs free energy depend on…

A: The Gibbs energy change can be defined by the expression as- ∆G=∆H−T∆S where ΔG: Gibbs Free Change…

Q: The enthalpy for a certain process is 146.4 kJ/mol and the entropy for the process is 463.6 J/K.  At…

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Q: Under what circumstance can the enthalpy of a system decrease for a spontaneous process?

A: Entropy measures the degree of randomness in the system. When a substance changes its phase solid to…

Q: 4) Consider the isothermal expansion of a 1.00 mol sample of ideal gas at 37 from the initial…

A: Dear student ,   since you have posted multiple parts questions we are allowed to solve only first…

Q: Calculate the entropy change of the surroundings in J K-1.

A: The entropy change of the surrounding is needed to be calculated.

Q: Calculate the measurable change in entropy (for the system) when the state of 2.00 mol of diatomic…

A: Change in entropy of system : VfVi = Tf × PiTi × Pf = 408 × 1.50298 × 7.00 = 0.2934  Cv = Cp - R =…

Q: Calculate the change in Gibbs free energy for each of the following sets of ΔH∘rxn , ΔS∘rxn , and T.…

A: ΔG∘ = ΔH∘ - TΔS∘

Q: Under what circumstances may the properties of the system alone be used to identify the direction of…

A: A reaction which occurs without any intervention in the given set of conditions is termed as…

Q: What would the entropy be for a system with 6.05E+1 microstates, in J/mol-K?

A: The relationship between number of micro-states with entropy is given as follows:

Q: An object at 400 K absorbs 25.0 kJ of heat from the surroundings. What is the change in entropy ΔS…

A: The given data is as follows: The temperature of the object = 400 K The object absorbs heat ∆H= 25.0…

Q: Consider the reaction CO(g) + H20(1)–CO2(g) + H2(g) Using standard thermodynamic data at 298K,…

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Q: 1. The heat capacity at 1 atm. pressure of solid magnesium in the temperature rançe from 0 °C to 560…

A: The increase of entropy per g. atom is to be calculated