For the isothermal expansion of a gas into a vacuum, ∆E = 0, q = 0, and w = 0. (a) Is this a spontaneous process?

Q: The entropy change ΔS for a phase transition equals ΔH/T, where ΔH is the enthalpy change. Why is it…

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Q: enthalpy

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Q: HNO2(aq) + OH (aq) H20(1) + NO2 (aq) K= 4.5×1010 What is the standard change in Gibbs free energy at…

A: Given :- K = 4.5 × 1010                T = 25 °C                 R = 8.314 J/K.mol  To calculate :-…

Q: Which

A: We will choose Correct option

Q: Describe Gibbs Free Energy?

A: The second law of thermodynamics is introduced to explain the spontaneity or feasibility of…

Q: Given ΔHrxn∘= −135 kJ, ΔS∘rxn= −263 J/K, and T= 550 K, will the reaction be spontaneous or…

A: Solution :     The change in Gibbs free energy calculated by the change in entropy, temperature, and…

Q: (b) Calculate the increase in entropy when 1.00 mol of a monatomic perfect gas with Cp,m = (5/2)R is…

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Q: For the isothermal expansion of a gas into a vacuum,ΔE = 0, q = 0, and w = 0. (a) Is this a…

A: (a) The spontaneous process is the process which starts on its own or initiate without any external…

Q: ST3D.3- At constant temperature and pressure, what is the minimum mass [in g] of glucose needed for…

A: Answer: Value of gibbs free energy change is always equal to non-expansion work and over here…

Q: Explain the single criterion for a physical process to be classified as spontaneous.

A: Spontaneous processes are the changes occur without work to be done on the system and it occurs…

Q: Which of the following has the largest standard molar entropy, S° (298.15 K)? О а. Н2 (g) O b. NaCI…

A: Answer  The substance in gases state has higher entropy compared to…

Q: starting from the definition of Gibbs Free Energy, the 1st law of thermodynamics, the 2nd law of…

A: To derive the criteria for spontaneity for Gibbs free energy.

Q: Which thermodynamic quantities are not a state function?

A: Both path and state functions are frequently faced in thermodynamics. A thermodynamic property whose…

Q: What are the signs of ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG for the spontaneous condensation of a vapor to a liquid?…

A: The reactions that occur on their own and do not need any external help for the reaction to take…

Q: Calculate the standard free-energy change for the formation of NO(g) from N2(g) and 02(g) at 298 K:…

A: Given:

Q: What is the significance of the change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG) for a reaction?

A: In thermodynamics free energy or Gibbs free energy is the energy that is used to express the total…

Q: What is the precise definition of entropy? What is the significance of entropy being a state…

A: Entropy is a thermodynamic state function that determines randomness in a system.  When we raise…

Q: Recall that for a monoatomic ideal gas, CV = (3/2)R. If an equal number of moles of any three ideal…

A: The ideal gas equation is given by  PV = nRT

Q: The entropy change for the process                                      H2 O(s) ⟶ H2 O(l)is 22.1 J/K…

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Q: 1. Given the thermodynamic equation, H =U + PV , use this and other thermodynamic equations to show…

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Q: What is the entropy (S) of a system with 6.4 x 1020 microstates?

A: The relation between entropy and number of microstates is given by Boltzmann's equation - S = KB ln…

Q: What is the entropy change of a gas in J/K (to 2 decimal points) when one mole of a perfect gas…

A: Given that -  Number of moles of gas = 1  Initial volume of gas = 0.36 m3  Final volume of gas =…

Q: Consider a process in which the entropy of a system increases by 105 J K−1 and the entropy of the…

A: Given information,    The entropy of a system increases by 105 J K−1    The entropy of the…

Q: Calculate the molar heat capacity (Cpm ) of Magnesium chloride if the change in entropy is 0.264 J/K…

A: Assuming that the molar heat capacity (Cpm ) of  Magnesium chloride is constant over temperature…

Q: What is the entropy of the process when 0.6831 moles of N 2 gas are compressed from 54.42 L to 28.11…

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Q: What is the work involved for every mole of C(g) in ideal conditions in kJ at 298 K given enthalpy…

A: Using  relationship between enthalpy and internal energy. ∆H= ∆E+P∆V ∆H=∆E-w  At constant…

Q: During a hypothetical process, the entropy of a system increases by 105 J K-1 while the entropy of…

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Q: 3. The maximum quantity of energy available for useful work in a system undergoing change is: A)…

A: The maximum amount of useful work is the work that has been done including expenditure of energy.

Q: If one mole of an ideal gas (Cp,m = 5R/2) is expanded isothermally at 300 K until it's volume…

A: We have to calculate the change in entropy of the gas .

Q: What is the difference in entropy between 25 g of N2 at standard conditions and 25 g of N2 at 400 °C…

A: The measure of disorderness in a thermodynamic system is called entropy. The entropy change is given…

Q: 2.1. For the isothermal expansion of a gas into a vacuum, (a) Is this a spontaneous process? (b)…

A: a. During this constant temperature or isothermal, expansion into a vacuum, the gas does no work (w…

Q: What is the significance of the change in Gibbs free energy (∆G)for a reaction?

A: The significance of the change in Gibbs free energy (∆G)for a reaction: (i) If ∆G for a reaction…

Q: If a reaction has the following thermodynamic values, AH xn 288 kJ/mol and AS rn - 98 J/K mol, at…

A: Given- ∆H°rex=288kJ/mol = 288000 J/mole ∆S°rex=98J/K mol  T=?

Q: Consider a process in which the entropy of a system increases by 125 J K−1 and the entropy of the…

A: Entropy change of the universe is the summation of entropy change of the system and entropy change…

Q: Under what circumstance can the entropy of a system decrease for a spontaneous process?

A: Entropy measures the degree of randomness in the system. When a substance changes its phase solid to…

Q: 1. Calculate the standard enthalpy change when gaseous dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) reacts with…

A: ∆fH°(N2O4) = 9.66 KJ/mol ∆fH°(H2O) = -241.82 KJ/ mol ∆fH° ( H2) = 0 ∆fH° ( N2) = 0

Q: Half a mole of an ideal gas expands isothermally and reversibly at 273.15 K from a volume of 22 L to…

A: Given: Moles of gas,n = 0.5 mol Gas constant, R = 8.314 J / K mol   Final Volume, V2 = 10 L Initial…

Q: 4) Consider the isothermal expansion of a 1.00 mol sample of ideal gas at 37 from the initial…

A: Dear student ,   since you have posted multiple parts questions we are allowed to solve only first…

Q: For a constant-pressure process, what is the difference between the internal energy (delta U) and…

A: At a constant pressure, the change in enthalpy is equal to the sum of internal energy and the…

Q: Why do exothermic processes tend to be spontaneous at low temperatures? Why does their tendency…

A: According to second law of thermodynamics,

Q: Calculate the entropy change of the surroundings in J K-1.

A: The entropy change of the surrounding is needed to be calculated.

Q: Why do exothermic processes tend to be spontaneous at low temperatures?

A: Why do exothermic processes tend to be spontaneous at low temperatures?

Q: 1. The heat capacity at 1 atm. pressure of solid magnesium in the temperature range from 0 °C to 560…

A: Since in the question its not mentioned that in what unit the T is being substituted in Cp equation.…

Q: Predict the signs (–, +, or 0) of ΔH and ΔS, in that order, for the process: H 2O( s) → H 2O( l).

A: Sign convention  Delta H : For exothermic reaction  is negative  For endothermic reaction is…