Economists refer to "market failure" as Pakar ekonomi merujuk kepada "kegagalan pasaran" sebagai. a. production of a good that consumers do not need pengeluaran barang yang tidak diperlukan oleh pengguna b. resulting from excess supply that require government intervention akibat daripada lebihan penawaran yang memerlukan campur tangan kerajaan c. excessive profits earned in the free market economy keuntungan lebihan yang diperolehi dari pasaran ekonomi bebas d. the free market system producing results that economists do not consider to be socially optimal

Principles of Microeconomics
7th Edition
ISBN:9781305156050
Author:N. Gregory Mankiw
Publisher:N. Gregory Mankiw
Chapter11: Public Goods And Common Resources
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Economists refer to "market failure" as
Pakar ekonomi merujuk kepada "kegagalan pasaran" sebagai
a. production of a good that consumers do not need
pengeluaran barang yang tidak diperlukan oleh pengguna
b. resulting from excess supply that require government intervention
akibat daripada lebihan penawaran yang memerlukan campur tangan kerajaan
c. excessive profits earned in the free market economy
keuntungan lebihan yang diperolehi dari pasaran ekonomi bebas
d. the free market system producing results that economists do not consider to be socially optimal
Transcribed Image Text:Economists refer to "market failure" as Pakar ekonomi merujuk kepada "kegagalan pasaran" sebagai a. production of a good that consumers do not need pengeluaran barang yang tidak diperlukan oleh pengguna b. resulting from excess supply that require government intervention akibat daripada lebihan penawaran yang memerlukan campur tangan kerajaan c. excessive profits earned in the free market economy keuntungan lebihan yang diperolehi dari pasaran ekonomi bebas d. the free market system producing results that economists do not consider to be socially optimal
Governments may not have the incentive to correct a market failure because
Kerajaan mungkin tidak berinsentif untuk membetulkan kegagalan pasaran kerana.
a. the benefits are greater than costs of correcting the market failure
faedahnya lebih besar daripada kos membetulkan kegagalan pasaran
b. governments may miscalculate the tax rate to be applied
kerajaan mungkin tersilap dalam pengiraan kadar cukai yang akan dikenakan
c. governments rarely have the information required to correct the market failure
kerajaan jarang mempunyai maklumat yang diperlukan untuk membetulkan kegagalan pasaran
d. governments normally involve political decisions, which are reflected by individual interest to gain
more for themselves
Transcribed Image Text:Governments may not have the incentive to correct a market failure because Kerajaan mungkin tidak berinsentif untuk membetulkan kegagalan pasaran kerana. a. the benefits are greater than costs of correcting the market failure faedahnya lebih besar daripada kos membetulkan kegagalan pasaran b. governments may miscalculate the tax rate to be applied kerajaan mungkin tersilap dalam pengiraan kadar cukai yang akan dikenakan c. governments rarely have the information required to correct the market failure kerajaan jarang mempunyai maklumat yang diperlukan untuk membetulkan kegagalan pasaran d. governments normally involve political decisions, which are reflected by individual interest to gain more for themselves
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