Ethylene glycol (HOCH2CH2OH) and pentane (C5H12) areboth liquids at room temperature and room pressure, andhave about the same molecular weight. (a) One of these liquidsis much more viscous than the other. Which one doyou predict is more viscous? (b) One of these liquids has amuch lower normal boiling point (36.1 °C) compared to the other one (198 °C). Which liquid has the lower normal boilingpoint? (c) One of these liquids is the major componentin antifreeze in automobile engines. Which liquid wouldyou expect to be used as antifreeze? (d) One of these liquidsis used as a “blowing agent” in the manufacture of polystyrenefoam because it is so volatile. Which liquid would youexpect to be used as a blowing agent?
States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
Ethylene glycol (HOCH2CH2OH) and pentane (C5H12) are
both liquids at room temperature and room pressure, and
have about the same molecular weight. (a) One of these liquids
is much more viscous than the other. Which one do
you predict is more viscous? (b) One of these liquids has a
much lower normal boiling point (36.1 °C) compared to the other one (198 °C). Which liquid has the lower normal boiling
point? (c) One of these liquids is the major component
in antifreeze in automobile engines. Which liquid would
you expect to be used as antifreeze? (d) One of these liquids
is used as a “blowing agent” in the manufacture of polystyrene
foam because it is so volatile. Which liquid would you
expect to be used as a blowing agent?
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