EVOLUTION CONNECTION An action potential is an all-ornone event. This on/off signaling is an evolutionary adaptationof animals that must sense and act in a complex environment.It is possible to imagine a nervous system in which the actionpotentials are graded, with the amplitude depending on thesize of the stimulus. Describe what evolutionary advantage on/off signaling might have over a graded (continuously variable)kind of signaling.

Q: Chemical synapses in the nervous system :-a- allow diffusion of chemical substances form the…

A: An action potential when reaches the terminus of an axon it is transmitted from one another through…

Q: The diagram below shows some of the events that occur at a synapse after the arrival of an impulse…

A: Specialized cells in the brain called neurons transmit an action potential from one neuron to…

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Q: "After an action potential has just passed through the axon hillock, the voltage-gated Na+ channels…

A: Thank you for the question  Answer : If a second action potential can be generated it refers to as…

Q: Receptor adaptation results when:a. sensory neurons stop sending action potentialsb. a stimulus is…

A: Receptor adaptation refers to a gradual decrease in the stimulus-response of the body after constant…

Q: Which of these correctly describes the distribution of ions on eitherside of an axon when it is not…

A: The nervous system composed of the nerves and glial cells that help in transmitting signals between…

Q: hat is a receptor (generator) potential?

A: When a stimulus having greater strength than threshold strength is applied to a receptor than the…

Q: Why are action potentials usually conducted in one direction?(A) Ions can flow along the axon in…

A: An action potential is defined as the sudden, fast, transitory, and propagating change in electrical…

Q: The toxin of the velvet sea snake prevents the sodium channels from inactivating. Which of the…

A: When Voltage gated Na+ channels open it leads to depolarization of the neuron i.e resting membrane…

Q: The "All or None" response means that: A stimulus causes depolarization and repolarization…

A: "All or None " is the phenomenon that a muscle fiber will only contract to its full extent.

Q: Glial cells far outnumber neurons and contribute roughly half the weight of the mammalian nervous…

A: The nervous system transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body, including internal…

Q: Certain cells in the retina respond differently to the direction in which objects move. To…

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Q: The rattlesnake alerts enemies to its presence with a rattle—aset of modified scales at the tip of…

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Q: These sensory receptors when activated result in the movement of both calcium and sodiujm ions…

A: Sensory receptors play a key role in responding to stimuli. They can sense different sensations like…

Q: An action potential is an all-ornone event. This on/off signaling is an evolutionary adaptation of…

A: In the resting state, the nerve cell becomes polarised. The charge inside the cells is positive, and…

Q: Excitatory neurons A and B both synapse with neuron C. Neuron A releasesa neurotransmitter, and…

A: The junction between two neurons is known as a synapse and when a neuron reaches its action…

Q: Suppose researchers find that axon A can produce up to 1,000 action potentials per second (at least…

A: The nervous system of an organism is quite complex network that is responsible for coordinating…

Q: Which two ideas about ion channels of a neuron at its resting potential are true? O ion channels are…

A: The movement of ions across the plasma membrane is responsible for maintaining the resting potential…

Q: Jutline thê évents thất shows the negative feedback loop tha happens whên you (choose only one): get…

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Q: Compared to an action potential, a graded potential is weak and depending on the stimulus strength…

A: Neuron is a vital part of nervous system that is involved in transmission of signal impulse to all…

Q: The post synaptic cell will become depolarized and propagate an action potential if the summation of…

A: The nervous system consists of neurons and glial cells. Neurons and glial cells are involved in…

Q: What is meant by the “cooperativity” of LTP?A. LTP is greater if two inputs are active together.B.…

A: Synaptic plasticity in the mammalian central nervous system has been the subject of intense…

Q: Which of the following statements about a sensory cell is FALSE? O a. They can become insensitive to…

A: Sensory cells are specialized cells that contain specific receptors that are capable of detecting…

Q: Which of the following actions is paired INCORRECTLY with its numbered position on the graph? 501 30…

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Q: The conduction velocity in nerves is primarily dependent on the O localization of the Na+ / K+ pumps…

A: Nerve conduction velocity (CV) is an important aspect of nerve conduction studies. It is the speed…

Q: Which statement is true? The intensity of a stimulus is encoded by the adaptation of the action…

A: To produce a response from the sensory system, the minimum intensity of the stimulus required is…

Q: Compare and contrast the receptors and signalling cascade, and the physiological roles for two…

A: There are few important points that should kept in mind : As we know that all cells receive and…

Q: Label each part of the brain with its name and the sense organ from which it receives a signal. re:…

A:

Q: Maximal physiological response to an external stimuli typically occurs when ______ of the receptors…

A:

Q: Action potentials (APs) are all-or-nothing, nondecremental, electrical potentials that allow an…

A: j) Action potentials (APs) are all-or-nothing, nondecremental, electrical potentials that allow an…

Q: describe how the membrane potential varies over time AND distance as a graded potential move across…

A: All cells have a membrane potential which is known as electric membrane potential. The active…

Q: If you present a stimulus that is within a neuron's receptive field, what will happen? O The neuron…

A: Specific organisms have restricted sensory space or receptive field that is capable of evoking…

Q: Which of the following statements about sensory receptors is FALSE? O a. Metabotropic receptors…

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Q: You add an inhibitor to the voltage-gated K+ channel and then stimulated a nerve cell to cause an…

A: The nerve cells or neurons shows electrical properties that helps the neurons to conducting the…

Q: You isolated a myelinated axon from a newly discovered species and made the following measurements:…

A: The length constant λ is a measure of how far the voltage travels down the axon before it decays to…

Q: Considering that all action potentials stimuli? are essentially the same, how do we differentiate…

A: An action potential is defined as a sudden, fast, transitory, and propagating change of the resting…

Q: Photoreceptor cells in the retina of the eye convert visible light into signals. They have special…

A: The the rod and cone cells in the retina are responsible for sensing the dim and colour vision…

Q: Now, here's the actual question - you have a neural system with three neurons; two presynaptic (PS1…

A:

Q: tamate's effect when it binds with protein receptors on the post synaptic membrane is to: nitiate…

A: Glutamate is a powerful excitatory neurotransmitter.It  plays an important role in learning and…

Q: Synaptic knobs :-a- synthesize different types of neurotransmittersb- release neurotransmitters by…

A: The correct choice is C.

Q: nich of the following offers the best description of neural transmission across a mammalian synaptic…

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Q: An on center bipolar cell ________  when light is on the center of its receptive feild, because it…

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Q: How long does all the signaling through the sensorypathway, within the central nervous system, and…

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Q: Once initiated, the receptor potential :-a- spreads to a long distance along the sensory nerve…

A: The receptor potential is a graded potential that is also called the generator potential. It is the…

Cell Signaling

It allows cells to perform various cellular activities, coordinate, and interact with other cells. All cells of an organism receive signals from their environments and respond accordingly. Even the unicellular eukaryotes receive signals secreted by other cells and respond. In the case of yeast, mating takes place by signaling between the yeast cells. Communication by cell signaling in a multicellular organism has become a vast and important part of various fields of biology.