Explain how an astronaut in an orbiting satellite can use a spring with a known force constant to measure his mass. Normally he could hang motionless from the spring to stretch it and, thus, determine his weight mg from the force constant and the amount of stretch. By dividing his weight by g, he could determine his mass. This method will not work, however, since his apparent weight is zero.
Simple harmonic motion
Simple harmonic motion is a type of periodic motion in which an object undergoes oscillatory motion. The restoring force exerted by the object exhibiting SHM is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position. The force is directed towards the mean position. We see many examples of SHM around us, common ones are the motion of a pendulum, spring and vibration of strings in musical instruments, and so on.
Simple Pendulum
A simple pendulum comprises a heavy mass (called bob) attached to one end of the weightless and flexible string.
Oscillation
In Physics, oscillation means a repetitive motion that happens in a variation with respect to time. There is usually a central value, where the object would be at rest. Additionally, there are two or more positions between which the repetitive motion takes place. In mathematics, oscillations can also be described as vibrations. The most common examples of oscillation that is seen in daily lives include the alternating current (AC) or the motion of a moving pendulum.
Explain how an astronaut in an orbiting satellite can use a spring with a
known force constant to measure his mass. Normally he could hang
motionless from the spring to stretch it and, thus, determine his weight
mg from the force constant and the amount of stretch. By dividing his
weight by g, he could determine his mass. This method will not work,
however, since his apparent weight is zero.
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