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- Explain the reaction for the formation of acetal and hemiacetal.
- Explain why N,N-disubstituted amide is less acidic than ester.
- Why only methyl
ketone do undergoes haloform reaction. - LDA is the base of choice for carbonyl compound to completely convert into enolate. Why?
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- a) Put these three common types of carbonyl compound in order of decreasing reactivity ester amide acid chloride b) For the least reactive, show the interconversion to its other resonance form: How does this electron delocalisation make it stable? c) For the most reactive, draw the mechanism of its undergoing hydrolysis (reaction with H2O): Why makes this type of carbonyl so reactive to nucleophiles?please explain the reaction and mechanism of sulfide to sulfimide and from sulfimide to allylic amineWhy is anisole nitrated more rapidly than thioanisole under the same conditions?
- The reaction of a nitrile with an alcohol in the presence of a strong acid forms an N-substituted amide. This reaction, known as the Ritter reaction, doesnot work with primary alcohols. a. Why does the Ritter reaction not work with primary alcohols? b. Provide an explanation for why an amide is less susceptible to nucleophilic attack than its corresponding ester.Explain how the class I carbonyl compound reacts? What will be the product when ethylamine and propyl amine reacts with acetyl chloride? Why only one amide obtained after the reaction of acetyl chloride with a mixture of ethylamine and trimethylamine? Excess amine is required in the reaction of acetyl chloride with amine whereas excess alcohol is not required in the reaction of acetyl chloride and alcohol. Why? List the following ester in order of decreasing reactivities towards hydrolysis with reason: Methyl benzoate, p-nitro methyl benzoate and p-methoxy methyl benzoateAlthough codeine occurs in low concentration in the opium poppy, most of the codeine used in medicine is prepared from morphine (the principal component of opium) by the following reaction. Explain why selective methylation occurs at only one OH in morphine to give codeine. Codeine is a less potent and less addictive analgesic than morphine.
- Triethylenemelamine (TEM) is an antitumor agent. Its activity is due to its ability to cross-link DNA. a. Explain why it can be used only under slightly acidic conditions. b. Explain why it can cross-link DNA.Explain nucleophilic addition to the aldehyde to form analcohol ?Excess ammonia must be used when a primary amine is synthesized by reductive amination. What product will be obtained if the reaction is carried out with excess carbonyl compound?
- Compare isoquinoline and quinoline..Explain their basicity.Which of them will be more susceptible to nucleophilic attack and electrophilic attack ? Explain the reason?Explain why attempts to use esters for Friedel-Crafts acylation always lead to a complex mixture of alkylated and acylated products.LDA is the base of choice for carbonyl compound to completely convert into enolate. Why?