For items 10-15: A study was conducted to investigate the interactions between California sheephead, macroalgae, and urchins. The output path diagram of thestudy is given below:O A. directkelp stipedensityO B. indirectO C. spurioussheepheadbiomassO D. unanalyzedurchin densityFor items 11-15: Identify the type of effect component that exists between each pair of variables:12. urchin density to kelp stipe densitycrustosecoralline algaefleshy algalcover

The given path diagram is: The directed arrows indicate the assumed relations of casual type. In…

Answered: For items 10-15: A study was conducted…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Following are measurements of soil concentrations (in mg /kg) of chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) at20 sites in the area of Cleveland, Ohio. These data are taken from the article "Variation in NorthAmerican Regulatory Guidance for Heavy Metal Surface Soil Contamination at Commercial andIndustrial Sites" (A. Jennings and J. Ma, J. Environment Eng, 2007:587-609). Cr: 260 19 36 247 263 319 317 277 319 264 23 29 61 119 33 281 21 35 64 30Ni: 435 377 359 53 38 38 54 188 397 33 92 490 28 35 799 347 321 32 74 508 (a) Construct a histogram for each set of concentrations. (b) Find the 1st, 2nd and 3rd quartiles for the Cr concentrations (c) Find the 1st, 2nd and 3rd quartiles for the Ni concentrations.
Following are measurements of soil concentrations (in mg /kg) of chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) at20 sites in the area of Cleveland, Ohio. These data are taken from the article "Variation in NorthAmerican Regulatory Guidance for Heavy Metal Surface Soil Contamination at Commercial andIndustrial Sites" (A. Jennings and J. Ma, J. Environment Eng, 2007:587-609).Cr: 260 19 36 247 263 319 317 277 319 264 23 29 61 119 33 281 21 35 64 30Ni: 435 377 359 53 38 38 54 188 397 33 92 490 28 35 799 347 321 32 74 508 (d) Use these to construct comparative boxplots for the two sets of concentrations. (e) Using the boxplots, what differences can be seen between the two sets of concentrations?
For a table of national information regarding a specific country, it is found that the correlation with Internet use is 0.545 for GDP, 0.734 for cellular-phone use, 0.664 for literacy, −0.893 for fertility, and 0.854 for CO2 emissions. Which variable has the weakest linear association with Internet use? a. GDP has the weakest linear association with Internet use. b. Cellular-phone use has the weakest linear association with Internet use. c. Fertility has the weakest linear association with Internet use. d. CO2 emissions has the weakest linear association with Internet use. e. Literacy has the weakest linear association with Internet use.
Consider a cohort study to compare the mortality rate of myocardial infarction (MI) in men with sedentary work (exposed group) to men with physically active work (unexposed). If in the exposed, there were 36,000 person (man) years of observation and 126 deaths whereas the unexposed had 24,000 man-years of observation and 44 deaths. Compute the following a) Mortality rate in each cohort? b) What is the relative risk of dying, comparing these 2 groups? c) What is the attributable risk of sedentary work? d) What is the attributable benefit of physical activity? e) If we assume that MI is associated with the mortality in this cohort (causality), what proportion of the disease in the higher group is potentially preventable?
Cell Phone Radiation Listed below are the measured radiation absorption rates (in W/kg) corresponding to these cell phones: iPhone 5S, BlackBerry Z30, Sanyo Vero, Optimus V, Droid Razr, Nokia N97, Samsung Vibrant, Sony Z750a, Kyocera Kona, LG G2, and Virgin Mobile Supreme. The data are from the Federal Communications Commission. If one of each model of cell phone is measured for radiation and the results are used to find the measures of variation, are the results typical of the population of cell phones that are in use?
Given the data in the following table for wave-solderingnonconformities, determine if there are any differencesbetween the two processes. Based on variousa levels, would you recommend a change to the proposedprocess?
Suppose these data show the number of gallons of gasoline sold by a gasoline distributor in Bennington, Vermont, over the past 12 weeks. Week Sales (1,000sof gallons) 1 18 2 22 3 20 4 24 5 19 6 17 7 22 8 20 9 24 10 22 11 17 12 24 (a) Using a weight of 1 2 for the most recent observation, 1 3 for the second most recent observation, and 1 6 for third most recent observation, compute a three-week weighted moving average for the time series. (Round your answers to two decimal places.) Week Time SeriesValue Weighted MovingAverage Forecast 1 18 2 22 3 20 4 24 5 19 6 17 7 22 8 20 9 24 10 22 11 17 12 24 (b) Compute the MSE for the weighted moving average in part (a). MSE = Do you prefer this weighted moving average to the unweighted moving average? The MSE for the unweighted moving average is 10.91. The unweighted moving average is preferred because it has a larger…
MR In Dave Eggers’ novel The Circle, a mysteri-ous technology company has developed a strangely data-driven work environment in which employees are assigned a performance score that seems to be the product of factors in their social activities and environment, such as the extent of their engagement in work community and the number of times they post on the company’s social media site. Using the fictional data below, compute r and r2 for each com-bination of two variables from this novel and test the correlations for their significance. Write a paragraph interpreting the relationships between these vari-ables, and what they might mean for the company
A glass manufacturing company wanted to investigate the effect of breakoff pressure and stopper height on the percentage of breaking off chips. The results are in the accompanying table. Complete parts (a) through (e). a. At the 0.01 level of significance is there an interaction between the breakoff pressure and the stopper height? b. is there an effect due to the breakoff pressure? c. is there an effect due to the stopper height? d. Plot the percentage breakoff for each breakoff pressure for each stopper height. e. Discuss the results of (a) through (d).
Question 4: The following data includes the year, make, model, mileage (in thousands of miles) and asking price (in US dollars) for each of 13 used Honda Odyssey minivans. The data was collected from the Web site of the Seattle P-I on April 25, 2005. year make model mileage price 2004 Honda Odyssey EXL 20 26900 2004 Honda Odyssey EX 21 23000 2002 Honda Odyssey 33 17500 2002 Honda Odyssey 41 18999 2001 Honda Odyssey EX 43 17200 2001 Honda Odyssey EX 67 18995 2000 Honda Odyssey LX 46 13900 2000 Honda Odyssey EX 72 15250 2000 Honda Odyssey EX 82 13200 2000 Honda Odyssey 99 11000 1999 Honda Odyssey 71 13900 1998 Honda Odyssey 85 8350 1995 Honda Odyssey EX 100 5800 Compute the correlation between age (in years) and mileage for these minivans. (Assume the correlation conditions have been satisfied and round your answer to the nearest 0.001.)
Which of the scatter diagrams below suggests a strong positive linear relationship between the x and y variables?
Question 4 a The researcher is concerned that older persons may not be knowledgeable of the COFLU-20. Assuch, he is interested in investigating the association between the age of the respondents and theirknowledge level. Table 2 below shows the knowledge level of respondents, by age group.Table 2Age Group Knowledge Level TotalPoor Satisfactory Good18 - 25 33 16 13 6226 - 34 30 18 12 6035 - 44 29 14 12 5545 - 54 36 16 18 7055 - 75 17 14 22 53Total 145 78 77 300 Conduct a test, at the 5% level of significance, to determine whether the data provided sufficientevidence to conclude that an association exists between age group and knowledge level. (i) State the hypotheses to be tested:H0:H1: Calculate:(ii) state the degrees of freedom for this test (iii) the p-value for this test, given that the chi-square test statistic, x2, is 11.029. (iv) state the conclusion for the test. Give reason for your answer.

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