For the system shown, assume E1 = 2.17 16.95° pu, and E2 =2.58 12.82° pu. Assume the electrical power (Pe) from G2 after clearing short-circuit is written sa Pez Pmax sin ôg2. Determine value of Pmax.
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KVL and KCL
KVL stands for Kirchhoff voltage law. KVL states that the total voltage drops around the loop in any closed electric circuit is equal to the sum of total voltage drop in the same closed loop.
Sign Convention
Science and technology incorporate some ideas and techniques of their own to understand a system skilfully and easily. These techniques are called conventions. For example: Sign conventions of mirrors are used to understand the phenomenon of reflection and refraction in an easier way.
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- A 210V, 50 Hz, single phase radial distribution system, the resistance of the wire is 0.0008 ohm/m supply and return. Two loads are connected and it consumes 10 and 10 A respectively and are fed from the cable at distance of 15 and 15 respectively. Calculate the voltage available across load 1 and 2A 30 mile, 3-phase transmission line delivers 8,000 kW at 33 kV, p.f. 0.8 lagging. The resistance and reactance of single conductor are 0.6 ohm and 0.72 ohm respectively per mile. Find the percent efficiency of the line.An electrical motor is supplied from a three-phase ,50 Hz, 410 V system on-board a LNG carrier .When connected in star , it takes a line current of 35 A at a power factor of 0.66 leading. The LNG carrier arrives at port and the motor is subsequently used for powering a container crane It is now connected in delta and is supplied on-shore .Determine for this motor when it takes 64 A at 310 V, from the on-shore supply: 2.1 The power factor of the motor 2.2 the frequency of the supply The motor is returned back to its initial supply and now connected with a new motor in parallel . The new motor is connected in delta and it takes 48.216 kVA at a power factor of 0.77597 lagging with a supply of 50 Hz, 410 V system. Determine for this new arrangement : 2.3 The power factor 2.4 Apparent power taken 2.5 True power taken 2.6 Reactive power taken
- An energy transmission line with a length of 130 km transmits 150MVA of power at 380 kV voltage. The conductors used have a conductivity of 35 [m / mm mm²] and a diameter of 28.11mm. The final temperature reached by this transmission line is 66 degrees. (NOTE = temperature coefficient of conductor a20deg = 0.00403deg ^ -1) Approximately how many kWatts is the total loss in the three-phase line at 20 degrees?A high-voltage direct-current generating station delivers power to a city. The generator output voltage is V0 = 400 kV, the city is represented by resistance RL = 3918 ohms, and each wire of the transmission line round-trip between the station and city is represented by resistance RTL = 151 ohms. How much power (in mega watt) is lost along the transmission wire?A single phase autosequential CFI is fed from a 220 Vde source, R_{L} = 10Omega the thyristor turn off tq time equals to 20 us and frequency is 50 Hz. Determine suitable value of source inductance assuming a maximum current change di/dt of 0.5A per cycle. Neglecting all losses, calculate able the value of operating capacitor C.
- S.2) The serial impedance of the 300 km power transmission line is 23 + j75 ohm / phase and the shunt acceptance is j500 microS / phase. A power of 50 MW with a power factor of 0.88 under 220 kV interphase voltage from the end of the power transmission line being shot. Using these data of the energy transmission line, a) Characteristic impedance of the energy transmission line, b) Natural apparent power of the energy transmission line according to the 220 kV interphase operating voltage, c) The values of the line parameters A, B, C and D of the transmission line using hyperbolic functions, d) Calculate the maximum power that the power transmission line can transmit.For transferring electrical power at 220 kV, six conductors of ACSR Drake constitute a 60Hz double circuit three phase line arranged as shown below. The vertical spacing between consecutive conductors is 14ft; the longer horizontal distance is 32ft whereas the shorter horizontal distance is 25ft. a. Find the inductance per phase per mile and the inductive reactance per phase in ohms per mile. b. Find the capacitive reactance to neutral in ohm-miles. c. Find the resistance per phase per mile in ohms per miles. d. If the length of the line is 90 miles then draw an equivalent circuit of the line and analyse the open circuit and short circuit performance of the line. e. Find the maximum power we can transmit over the line. f. If the line is delivering power to a load of 20MW at 0.8 power factor lagging then find the voltage at the receiving end of the line. Also, Determine the voltage regulation, losses and efficiency of the line. g. If a fixed shunt compensation of 3 MVAr is attached at…Electric Machine; Check image, all question there. Consider the above approximate equivalent circuit for IM. A six-pole, 220Volt (line to line), 50Hz, Y connected, three phase IM has the following on a per phase basis: R1=0.5Ω , R2=0.25 Ω, X1=0.75 Ω, X2=0.5 Ω, Xm=100 Ω, Rc=500 Ω The friction and windage loss is 150 W. Determine the following at its rated slip of 3.5% a)Total Impedance(Zt) b)Rotor Copper Loss c)Core loss(Pm) d)Shaft Power(P0) e)Efficiency
- A 250V, 50 Hz single-phase supply feeds the following loads (i) incandescent lamps taking a current of 10A at unity power factor, (ii) fluorescent lamps taking 8A at a power factor of 0.7 lagging, (iii) a 3 kVA motor operating at full load and at a power factor of 0.8 lagging, and (iv) a static capacitor. Determine, for the lamps (incandescent and fluorescent) and motor, (a) the total current, (b) the overall power factor, and (c) the total power. (d) Find the value of the static capacitor to improve the overall power factor to 0.975 lagging.Shown are two buses connected via a transmission line. Connected to Bus 1 is a generator(modelled as a voltage source V1), and to Bus 2 is a generator( with Voltage V2) and a load. The line impedance Z = R + jX is not known. Three-phase load is forecasted as 100MW + 60MVar. Generator at Bus 2 is scheduled to deliver 40MW and its excitation is adjusted for the machine to deliver 55 MVar. Voltage at Bus 1 is 241 KV angle 10 deg, while voltage at bus is 230 kV; use V2 as the reference for all angles. 1. What is the current (RMS) in amperes drawn by the load connected to Bus 2? 2. How much real power (in MW) is delivered by the generator connected to Bus 1? 3. What is the total real power loss along the line, in percent of the load? 4. What is the X/R Ratio of the line impedance?A lightning strikes a 30-m unshielded over-head transmission line tower Which has the following parameters Surge impedance of the tower= 100ohms Surge impedance of lightning channel at tower top =500ohms Tower-footing resistance=10ohms Tower height =30 m Cross-arm height=27m The lightning strike current is assumed to be a constant 30 kA for a duration of 20 µs. The raveling wave propagation speed in the tower is 1.2* 108 m/s. i) Determine the voltage reflection coefficients at tower top and tower foot. ii) Ignoring the phase voltage, determine the insulator voltage after 2µs.