Garden Depot is a retailer that is preparing its budget for the upcoming fiscal year. Management has prepared the following summary of its budgeted cash flows: Total cash receipts Total cash disbursements 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter $ 400,000 $ 279,000 $ 250,000 $ 309,000 $ 280,000 $ 269,000 $ 300,000 $ 289,000 The company's beginning cash balance for the upcoming fiscal year will be $34,000. The company requires a minimum cash balance of $10,000 and may borrow any amount needed from a local bank at a quarterly interest rate of 3%. The company may borrow any amount at the beginning of any quarter and may repay its loans, or any part of its loans, at the end of any quarter. Interest payments are due on any principal at the time it is repaid. For simplicity, assume that interest is not compounded. Required:
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Master Budget
A master budget can be defined as an estimation of the revenue earned or expenses incurred over a specified period of time in the future and it is generally prepared on a periodic basis which can be either monthly, quarterly, half-yearly, or annually. It helps a business, an organization, or even an individual to manage the money effectively. A budget also helps in monitoring the performance of the people in the organization and helps in better decision-making.
Sales Budget and Selling
A budget is a financial plan designed by an undertaking for a definite period in future which acts as a major contributor towards enhancing the financial success of the business undertaking. The budget generally takes into account both current and future income and expenses.
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- Communication The city of Milton has an annual budget cycle that begins on July 1 and ends on June 30. At the beginning of each budget year, an annual budget is established for each department. The annual budget is divided by 12 months to provide a constant monthly static budget. On June 30, all unspent budgeted monies for the budget year from the various city departments must be returned to the General Fund. Thus, if department heads fail to use their budget by year-end, they will lose it. A budget analyst prepared a chart of the difference between the monthly actual and budgeted amounts for the recent fiscal year. The chart was as follows: Write a memo to Stacy Collins, the city manager, interpreting the chart and suggesting improvements to the budgeting system.Budgeted income statement and balance sheet As a preliminary to requesting budget estimates of sales, costs, and expenses for the fiscal year beginning January 1, 2017, the following tentative trial balance as of December 31, 2016, is prepared by the Accounting Department of Regina Soap Co.: Cash............................................................. 85,000 Accounts Receivable............................................... 125,600 Finished Goods................................................... 69,300 Work in Process................................................... 32,500 Materials......................................................... 48,900 Prepaid Expenses................................................. 2,600 Plant and Equipment.............................................. 325,000 Accumulated Depreciation Plant and Equipment.................. 156,200 Accounts Payable................................................. 62,000 Common Stock, 10 par........................................... 180,000 Retained Earnings................................................. 290,700 688,900 688,900 Factory output and sales for 2017 are expected to total 200,000 units of product, which are to be sold at 5.00 per unit. The quantities and costs of the inventories at December 31, 2017, are expected to remain unchanged from the balances at The beginning of the year. Budget estimates of manufacturing costs and operating expenses for the year are summarized as follows: Estimated Costs and Expenses Cost of goods manufactured and sold: Fixed (Total for Year) Direct materials................................................ 1.10 Direct labor.................................................... 0.65 Factory overhead: Depreciation of plant and equipment.......................... 40,000 Other factory overhead....................................... 12,000 0.40 Selling expenses: Sales salaries and commissions.................................. 46,000 0.45 Advertising.................................................... 64,000 Miscellaneous selling expense.................................. 6,000 0.25 Administrative expenses: Office and officers salaries...................................... 72,400 0.12 Supplies....................................................... 5,000 0.10 Miscellaneous administrative expense........................... 4,000 0.05 Balances, of accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, and accounts payable at the end of the year are not expected to differ significantly from the beginning balances. Federal income tax of 30,000 on 2017 taxable income will be paid during 2017. Regular quarterly cash dividends of 0.15 per share are expected to be declared and paid in March, June, September, and December on 18,000 shares of common stock outstanding. It is anticipated that fixed assets will be purchased for 75,000 cash in May. Instructions 1. Prepare a budgeted income statement for 2017. 2. Prepare a budgeted balance sheet as of December 31, 2017, with supporting calculations.Integrity and evaluating budgeting systems The city of Milton has an annual budget cycle that begins on July 1 and ends on June 30. At the beginning of each budget year, an annual budget is established for each department. The annual budget is divided by 12 months to provide a constant monthly static budget. On June 30, all unspent budgeted monies for the budget year from the various city departments must be "returned" to the General Fund. Thus, if department heads fail to use their budget by year-end, they will lose it. A budget analyst prepared a chart of the difference between the monthly actual and budgeted amounts for the recent fiscal year. The chart was as follows: a. Interpret the chart. b. Suggest an improvement in the budget system.
- Integrity and evaluating budgeting systems The city of Milton has an annual budget cycle that begins on July 1 and ends on June 30. At the beginning of each budget year, an annual budget is established for each department. The annual budget is divided by 12 months to provide a constant monthly static budget. On June 30, all unspent budgeted monies for the budget year from the various city departments must be returned to the General Fund. Thus, if department heads fail to use their budget by year-end, they will lose it. A budget analyst prepared a chart of the difference between the monthly actual and budgeted amounts for the recent fiscal year. The chart was as follows: a. Interpret the chart. b. Suggest an improvement in the budget system.Budgeted income statement and balance sheet As a preliminary to requesting budget estimates of sales, costs, and expenses for the fiscal year beginning January I, 20Y9, the following tentative trial balance as of December 31, 20Y8, is prepared by the Accounting Department of Regina Soap Co.: Cash 85,000 Accounts Receivable........................................ 125,600 Finished Goods............................................ 69,300 Work in Process............................................ 32,500 Materials.................................................. 48,900 Prepaid Expenses.......................................... 2,600 Plant and Equipment....................................... 325,000 Accumulated DepreciationPlant and Equipment........... 156,200 Accounts Payable.......................................... 62,000 Common Stock. 10 par.................................... 180,000 Retained Earnings.......................................... 290,700 688,900 688,900 Factory output and sales for 20Y9 are expected to total 200,000 units of product, which are to be sold at 5.00 per unit. The quantities and costs of the inventories at December 31, 20Y9, are expected to remain unchanged from the balances at the beginning of the year. Budget estimates of manufacturing costs and operating expenses for the year are summarized as follows: Estimated Costs and Expenses Fixed Variable (Total for Year) (Per Unit Sold) Cost of goods manufactured and sold: Direct materials.................................. 1.10 Direct labor...................................... 0.65 Factory overhead: Depreciation of plant and equipment........... 40,000 Other factory overhead........................ 12,000 0.40 Selling expenses: Sales salaries and commissions.................... 46,000 0.45 Advertising...................................... 64,000 Miscellaneous selling expense................... 6,000 0 25 Administrative expenses: Office and officers salaries........................ 72,400 0.12 Supplies......................................... 5,000 0.10 Miscellaneous administrative expense............. 4,000 0.05 Balances of accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, anti accounts payable at the end of the year are not expected to differ significantly from the beginning balances. Federal income tax of 30,000 on 20Y9 taxable income will be paid during 20Y9. Regular quarterly cash dividends of 0.15 per share are expected to be declared and paid in March, June. September, and December on 18,000 shares of common stock outstanding. It is anticipated that fixed assets will be purchased for 75,000 cash in May. Instructions 1. Prepare a budgeted income statement for 20Y9. 2. Prepare a budgeted balance sheet as of December 31, 20Y9, with supporting calculations.Budgeted income statement and balance sheet As a preliminary to requesting budget estimates of sales, costs, and expenses for the fiscal year beginning January 1, 20Y8, the following tentative trial balance as of December 31, 20Y7, is prepared by the Accounting Department of Mesa Publishing Co.: Cash 26,000 Accounts Receivable 23,800 Finished Goods 16,900 Work in Process 4,200 Materials 6,400 Prepaid Expenses 600 Plant and Equipment 82.000 Accumulated DepreciationPlant and Equipment 32,000 Accounts Payable 14.800 Common Stock. 1.50 par 30,000 Retained Earnings 83,100 159,900 159,900 Factory output and sales for 20Y8 are expected to total 3,800 units of product, which are to be sold at 120 per unit. The quantities and costs of the inventories at December 31, 20Y8, are expected to remain unchanged from the balances at the beginning of the year. Budget estimates of manufacturing costs and operating expenses for the year are summarized as follows: Estimated Costs and Expenses Fixed Variable (Total for Year) (Per Unit Sold) Cost of goods manufactured and sold: Direct materials 30.00 Direct labor B.40 Factory overhead: Depreciation of plant and equipment 4,000 Other factory overhead 1,400 4.30 Selling expenses: Sales salaries and commissions 12,800 13.50 Advertising 13,200 Miscellaneous selling expense 1,000 2.50 Administrative expenses: Office and officers salaries 7,800 7.00 Supplies 500 1.20 Miscellaneous administrative expense 400 2.40 Balances of accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, and accounts payable at the end of the year are not expected to differ significantly from the beginning balances. Federal income tax of 35,000 on 20Y8 taxable income will be paid during 20Y8. Regular quarterly cash dividends of 0.20 per share are expected to be declared and paid in March, June, September, and December on 20,000 shares of common stock outstanding. It is anticipated that fixed assets will be purchased for 22,000 cash in May. Instructions 1. Prepare a budgeted income statement for 20Y8. 2. Prepare a budgeted balance sheet as of December 31,20Y8, with supporting calculations.
- Budgeted income statement and balance sheet As a preliminary to requesting budget estimates of sales, costs, and expenses for the fiscal year beginning January 1, 20Y9, the following tentative trial balance as of December 31, 20Y8, is prepared by the Accounting Department of Mesa Publishing Co.: Cash. 26,000 Finished Goods.............................................. 16,900 Work in Process.............................................. 4,200 Materials.................................................... 6,400 Prepaid Expenses............................................ 600 Plant and Equipment......................................... 82,000 Accumulated DepreciationPlant and Equipment............. 32,000 Accounts Payable............................................ 14,800 Common Stock. 1.50 par..................................... 30,000 Retained Earnings............................................ 83,100 159,900 159,900 Factory output and sales for 20Y9 are expected to total 3,800 units of product, which are to be sold at 120 per unit. The quantities and costs of the inventories at December 31, 20Y9, are expected to remain unchanged from the balances at the beginning of the year. Budget estimates of manufacturing costs and operating expenses for the year are summarized as follows: Estimated Costs and Expenses Fixed Variable (Total for Year) (Per Unit Sold) Cost of goods manufactured and sold: Direct materials................................... 30.00 Direct labor....................................... 840 Factory overhead: Depreciation of plant and equipment............ 4,000 Other factory overhead......................... 1,400 4.80 Selling expenses: Sales salaries and commissions..................... 12,800 13.50 Advertising....................................... 13,200 Miscellaneous selling expense..................... 1,000 2.50 Administrative expenses: Office and officers salaries......................... 7,800 7.00 Supplies.......................................... 500 1.20 Miscellaneous administrative expense.............. 400 2.40 Balances of accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, and accounts payable at the end of the year are not expected to differ significantly from the beginning balances, federal income tax of 35,000 on 20Y9 taxable income will be paid during 20Y9. Regular quarterly cash dividends of 0.20 per share are expected to be declared and paid in March, June, September, and December on 20,000 shares of common stock outstanding. It is anticipated that fixed assets will be purchased for 22,000 cash in May. Instructions 1. Prepare a budgeted income statement for 20Y9. 2. Prepare a budgeted balance sheet as of December 31, 20Y9, with supporting calculations.Forecast sales volume and sales budget Sentinel Systems Inc. prepared the following sales budget for 20Y8: Sentinel Systems Inc. Sales Budget For the Year Ending December 31, 20 Y8 Unit Sales Unit Selling Total Product and Area Volume Price Sales Home Alert System: United States 1,700 200 340,000 Europe 580 200 116,000 Asia 450 200 90,000 Total 2,730 546,000 Business Alert System: United States 980 750 735,000 Europe 350 750 262,500 Asia 240 750 180,000 Total 1,570 1,177,500 Total revenue from sales 1,723,500 At the end of December 20Y8, the following unit sales data were reported for the year: Unit Sales Home Alert System Business Alert System United States 1,734 1,078 Europe 609 329 Asia 432 252 For the year ending December 31, 20Y9, unit sales are expected to follow the patterns established during the year ending December 31, 20Y8. The unit selling price for the Home Alert System is expected to increase to 250, and the unit selling price for the Business Alert System is expected to be decreased to 820, effective January 1, 20Y9. Instructions 1. Compute the increase or decrease of actual unit sales for the year ended December 31, 20Y8, over budget. Place your answers in a columnar table with the following format: Unit Sales, Year Ended 20Y8 Increase (Decrease) Actual Over Budget Budget Actual Sales Amount Percent Home Alert System: United States Europe Asia Business Alert System: United States Europe Asia 2. Assuming that the increase or decrease in actual sales to budget indicated in part (1) is to continue in 20Y9, compute the unit sales volume to lie used for preparing the sales budget for the year ending December 31, 20Y9- Place your answers in a columnar table similar to that in part (1) but with the following column heads. Round budgeted units to the nearest unit. 20Y8 Actual Units Percentage Increase (Decrease) 20Y9 Budgeted Units (rounded) 3. Prepare a sales budget for the year ending December 31, 20Y9.Budgeted income statement and supporting budgets The, budget director of Feathered Friends Inc., with the assistance of the controller, treasurer, production manager, and sales manager, has gathered the following data for use in developing the budgeted income statement for December 2016: a. Estimated .sales for December: Bird house 3,200 units at 50 per unit Bird feeder 3,000 units at 70 per unit b. Estimated inventories at December 1: Direct materials: Finished products: Wood 200 ft Bird house....... 320 units at 27 per unit Plastic 240 lbs. Bird feeder....... 270 units at 40 per unit c. Desired inventories at December 31: Direct materials: Finished products: Wood 220 ft Bird house....... 290 units at 27 per unit Plastic 200 lbs. Bird feeder....... 250 units at 41 per unit d. Direct materials used in production: In manufacture of Bird House: In manufacture of Bird Feeder: Wood 0.80 ft. per unit of product Wood........... 1.20 ft per unit of product Plastic 050 lb. per unit of product Plastic........... 0.75 lb. per unit of product e. Anticipated cost of purchases and beginning and ending inventory of direct materials: Wood 7.00 per ft. Plastic................. 1.00 per lb. f. Direct labor requirements: Bird House: Fabrication Department 0.20 hr. at 16 per hr. Assembly Department 0.30 hr. at 12 per hr. Bird Feeder: Fabrication Department 0.40 hr. at 16 per hr. Assembly Department 0.35 hr. at 12 per hr. g. Estimated factory overhead costs for December. Indirect factory wages 75,000 Power and light 6,000 Depreciation of plant and equipment 23,000 Insurance and property tax 5,000 h. Estimated operating expenses for December: Sales salaries expense 70,000 Advertising expense 18,000 Office salaries expense 21,000 Depreciation expenseoffice equipment 600 Telephone expenseselling 550 Telephone expenseadministrative 250 Travel expenseselling 4,000 Office supplies expense 200 Miscellaneous administrative expense 400 i. Estimated other income and expense for December: Interest revenue 200 Interest expense 122 j. Estimated lax rate: 30% Instructions 1. Prepare a sales budget for December. 2. Prepare a production budget for December. 3. Prepare a direct materials purchases budget for December. 4. Prepare a direct labor cost budget for December. 5. Prepare a factory overhead cost budget for December. 6. Prepare a cost of goods sold budget for December. Work in process at the beginning of December is estimated to be 29,000 and work in process at the end of December is estimated to be 35,400. 7. Prepare a selling and administrative expenses budget for December. 8. Prepare a budgeted income statement for December.