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- Photosynthesis directly opposes respiration in determining how plants influence atmospheric CO2 concentrations. When a leaf is in the light, both photosynthesis and respiration are occurring simultaneously. The data in the Table were collected from the leaf of a sagebrush plant that was enclosed in a chamber that measures the rate of CO2 exchange. The same leaf was used to collect the data in Interpret the Data in Chapter 7. Respiration is shown as a negative and photosynthesis as a positive rate of CO2 exchange. The net photosynthesis rate is the amount of CO2 (in micromoles per square meter per second) assimilated by the leaf while respiration is occurring; a positive value indicates more photosynthesis is occurring than respiration. The light exposed to the leaf is quantified as the number of photons in the 400 to 700 nm wavelength, the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD); 2,000 mol/m2/s is equivalent to the amount of light occurring at midday in full Sun. Observation Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD) (mol/m2/s) Net Photosynthesis (mol/m2/s) 1 2,000 9.1 2 1,500 8.4 3 1,250 8.2 4 1,000 7.4 5 750 6.3 6 500 4.8 7 250 2.2 8 0 -2.0 Why is net photosynthesis negative when PPFD is zero? Looking at the respiration data from Interpret the Data in Chapter 7, at what temperature do you think these data were collected? Source: Data based on unpublished research by Brent Ewers, University of Wyoming.Match each term with its most suitable description. ____ PGAL formation a. absorbs light ____CO2 fixation b. converts light to chemical energy ____ autotroph c. self-feeder ____ ATP forms NADPH does not d. electrons cycle back to photosystem ____ photorespiration e. problem in C3 plants ____ photosynthesis f. Calvin-Benson cycle product ____ pigment g. water molecules split ____ photolysis in photosynthesis h. rubisco functionExcited molecules can return to the ground state by severalmeans. Describe each briefly. Which of these processes areimportant in photosynthesis? Describe how they function ina living organism.
- Which of the following resource(s) do plants need to survive (select all that apply): A. O2 for cellular respiration B. nitrogen and minerals as molecular building blocks C. Glucose for cellular respiration D. CO2 for photosynthesis E. H2O for structure and turgor pressureAll things held constant, given the same amount of reactants and rate in the photosynthetic process, plant damage increases respiration rate and ______________ (increases/decreases/does not affect) on the amount of biomass/dry matter produced. The decrease in the respiration rate due to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration is an example of ____________, in which key metabolic enzymes are often inhibited bythe end product of the pathway they control.Hence, an excessive amount of carbon dioxide inhibits respiration, and controlling this phenomenon may increase the shelf life of your perishables. It is the termreferring to the characteristic leaf structureof C4 plants that enables them to outperform C3 plants in an environment that has high O2concentration and/or temperature. Unlike C3 and CAM plants, C4 plants, such as corn and sugarcane, have leaves with vascular bundlesthatare surrounded by achloroplast-rich vascular bundle sheath, which isfurther surrounded by the spongy…The light reactions of photosynthesis supply theCalvin cycle with(A) light energy.(B) CO2 and ATP.(C) H2O and NADPH.(D) ATP and NADPH
- Differentiate photosynthesis and respiration in terms of properties, material/s used, material/s produced (if there's any)Define the following terms:a. photosynthesisb. photosystemc. reaction centerd. PSIe. PSIIchemicals called uncoouplers can make membranes permeable to small molecules and ions. What effect might uncouplers have on photosyntehesis? increased ATP becuase cyclic electron transport woulnd increase Decrease Atp producctuion because proton gradient woudl increase decreased AtP production because proton gradient would decrease Decreased NADPH production becuause proton gradient would increase Decreased NADPH production because proton gradient would decrease
- In which of the following processes is carbon dioxide reduced toform carbohydrate?a. cellular respirationb. noncompetitive inhibitionc. photosynthesisd. induced fit modelCompare and contrast cellular respiration and photosynthesis. A. Photosynthesis stores energy in NADH while cellular respiration stores energy in ATP. B. Respiration is catabolic while photosynthesis is anabolic. C. Only respiration creates ATP. D. Photosynthesis releases C02 while respiration releases 02.How is the energy from the sun transported within chloroplasts and ultimately used to createNADPH and ATP? What would happen if you forgot to water your plant for several days? Whatif a plant were only exposed to read light – would photosynthesis be possible? Support youranswer with details of the processes involved.