Generally, polysaccha are not good antigenS, because B cells recognize thei annot get T-cell help. But for some pathogens, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae opsonization by antibodies that bind the thick polysaccharide "capsule" layer surrounding the bacteria is the major mechanism of clearing the infection. As expected, a pure polysaccharide vaccine is not terribly effective, but much better immunity is achieved by vaccinating with a polysaccharide covalently linked "conjugated" to an unrelated protein. Explain how this conjugate vaccine allows B cells capable of making anti-polysaccharide antibodies.

Generally, polysaccha are not good antigenS, because B cells recognize thei annot get T-cell help. But for some pathogens, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae opsonization by antibodies that bind the thick polysaccharide "capsule" layer surrounding the bacteria is the major mechanism of clearing the infection. As expected, a pure polysaccharide vaccine is not terribly effective, but much better immunity is achieved by vaccinating with a polysaccharide covalently linked "conjugated" to an unrelated protein. Explain how this conjugate vaccine allows B cells capable of making anti-polysaccharide antibodies.

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter17: Genes And The Immune System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 31QP

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Which of the following is not associated with killing by a cytotoxic T cell? View Available Hint(s) for Part A granzyme CD95 perforin IL-4
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Which of the antibodies has a short lifespan and function mainly in aiding phagocytes by causing agglutination of bacteria cells and viruses
Approximately 70% of immune system cells are located inthe wall of the lower digestive tract (intestines). Can you suggest a reason for this phenomenon?
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