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If you did a classic Pulse-Chase experiment to follow the path of a secreted protein, and you forgot to do the Chase, which of the following would you observe?
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No radioactivity would be seen in any of the structures. |
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Radioactivity would increase first in rough ER, then Golgi Complex, then secretory vesicles, but it would remain high in all, never decreasing. |
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Nothing would change |
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Radioactivity would increase in all 3 structures simultaneously and stay high. |
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- Using the the enzyme acid hydrolase in the lysosome: What is the final destination in which the protein will function? Which features will the protein receive during its manufacture? What is the primary structure (general)? Where is the primary structure made? Where are the secondary and tertiary structures made? Will the protein travel through any organelles during its manufacture? Which ones? What would be the overall result if some part of the manufacture process went wrong, such that the protein ended up as nonfunctional?The CFTR membrane protein has an alpha helix that spans the membrane. The amino acid sequence of the central portion of this alpha helix, which is embedded within the membrane, is which one of the sequences below? Sequences are provided in the single letter code. a. VVVEVVVVEVVEEEVE b. VVVLVVVVLVVLLLVL c. VVVLVVVVREERRRER d. EEEREEEEREERRRERThe primary structure of a protein is formed in the A) the RER, B) Golgi apparatus, C) nucleoid, D) lysosomes, E) SER.
- Which of the following statements best describes the synthesis of secreted proteins? a.) Secreted proteins are typically synthesized in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and carried to the Golgi apparatus in vesicles. b.) Secreted proteins are typically synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and carried to the Golgi apparatus in vesicles. c.) Secreted proteins are typically synthesized in the Golgi apparatus. d.) Secreted proteins are typically synthesized in the cytoplasm and diffuse to the Golgi apparatus.Which of the following best describes the pH of the lysosomal interior? a.) The interior of a lysosome generally has a pH similar to cytoplasm b.) The interior of a lysosome generally has a pH higher than cytoplasm c.) The interior of a lysosome generally has a pH lower than cytoplasmThe following are steps that occur when a protein is targeted for synthesis on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Which of the following indicates the correct sequence for the signal mechanism that targets proteins for the ER? The SRP leaves and polypeptide synthesis resumes, with simultaneous translocation across the membrane. Polypeptide synthesis begins on a free ribosome in the cytosol. An SRP binds to the signal peptide, halting synthesis momentarily. The rest of the completed polypeptide leaves the ribosome and folds into its final conformation. The SRP binds to a receptor protein in the ER membrane that is part of a protein complex that forms a pore. The signal peptide is cleaved by an enzyme in the receptor protein complex. A. 2, 3, 5, 1, 6, 4 B. 2 ,3, 5, 6, 1, 4 C. 3, 1, 6, 5, 2, 4 D. 3, 2, 1, 5, 6, 4
- There is a long chain of amino acids with long sections that are mostly polar, alternating with long sections that are nonpolar. How would this chain be organized if it were destined to become a transmembrane protein? A cytoplasmic protein?If given the destination of protein, predict whether it will be made on free or bound ribosomes.While performing fluorescent microscopy to observe the transport of bulk molecules into a cell a researcher uses a green, fluorescent bulk protein and a red fluorescent dye to stain the cell membrane. If the cell has the ability to transport the bulk proteins into the cell, what would we expect to see in the microscope when the images are merged? What would we expect to see if the cell did not have the ability to transport the bulk protein?
- Distinguish between transmembrane proteins, integral proteins, and peripheral proteins. 7. Integral proteins are often found spanning the membrane of a cell or organelle. These proteins serve as channels for specific molecules to travel through the membrane, either into or out of the cell. Indicate on the picture of the integral protein where you would most likely find amino acids with hydrophobic R-groups. Next, indicate on the picture of the integral protein where you would most likely find amino acids with hydrophilic R-groups. Explain your reasoning.In protein synthesis, modification and transport, what will be the correct order of organelles involved in the process? A. nucleus - ribosomes - Golgi complex - vesicles B. endoplasmic reticulum -ribosomes - vesicles Golgi complex C. Golgi complex - endoplasmic reticulum - vesicles - ribosomes D. ribosomes - endoplasmic reticulum - vesicles - Golgi complex One of the meristematic tissues is vascular cambium which is responsible for increasing the diameter of stems and roots. In which part of the plants is the vascular cambium found? A. In structure 4, where they are in the sides of stems and roots. B. In structure 3, where they are located at the base of leaves and internodes. C. In structure 1, where they are covered by lower and upper epidermis of the leaf . D. In Structure 2, where they are located on the tips of stems and roots of the plants .In protein synthesis, modification and transport, what will be the correct order of organelles involved in the process? A. nucleus - ribosomes - Golgi complex - vesicles B. endoplasmic reticulum -ribosomes - vesicles Golgi complex C. Golgi complex - endoplasmic reticulum - vesicles - ribosomes D. ribosomes - endoplasmic reticulum - vesicles - Golgi complex