he data below is for the small economy of Christodea in 2015. Consumption: C = 500 + 0.75Y, Net taxes: T = 20 + 0.2Y Planned investment: / = 525 Government expenditure: G = 800 Exports: X = 250 Imports: M = 260 + 0.1Y Calculate the following: a) Government wished to decrease unemployment by increasing national income by 200. How much must government expenditure increase in order to achieve this target? b) Assume an increase in government expenditure of 100 supported by a 100 increase in autonomous taxation, what would be the impact of this fiscal policy on national income? c) Calculate the following after the change in policy in e) above. i) Government budget position. ii) Balance on current account. i) Total consumption
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- Exercise D24 Compare two policies: a tax cut on income or an increase in government spending on roads and bridges. What are both the short-term and long—term impacts of such policies on the economy?Consider an economy similar to that in the preceding question in which investment is also $200, government purchases are also $500, net exports are also $30, and the price level is also fixed. But taxes now vary with income and, as a result, the consumption schedule looks like the following: GDP Taxes DI C $1,360 $320 $1,040 $810 1,480 360 1,120 870 1,600 400 1,200 930 1,720 440 1,280 990 1,840 480 1,360 1,050 Find the equilibrium graphically. What is the marginal propensity to consume? What is the tax rate? Use your diagram to show the effect of a decrease of $60 in government purchases. What is the multiplier? Compare this answer to your answer to Test Yourself Question 1. What do you conclude? GDP…You are an economic analyst for the Parliamentary Budget Officer (PBO) and have been charged with the task of coming up with a strategy to increase investment spending in the economy. You have worked closely with Statistics Canada and are therefore aware that the identity used to calculate the country's production is GDP = C + I +G + X - IM Assuming your country does not export or import and all else is equal, you advise the PBO that: a.The budget should be in deficit, and investment by firms will then increase. b.The budget should be in deficit, and programs meant to increase private saving should be imposed. c.The budget should run a deficit, and programs meant to stimulate private spending should be imposed. d.The budget should run a surplus, and programs meant to stimulate private savings should be imposed.
- "Willam H. Branson" of "Macroeconomic Theory and policy" states that the "Fiscalist Model is an improbable, extreme case of the general model and not a stance to be taken seriously". However, the economic scenario during COVID 19 might indicate otherwise. Write an essay in about 500-600 words expressing your thoughts on this matter. Instructions: Please provide relevant statistics/data in order to substantiate your opinions.MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS1. Which of the following is a category of fiscal policy?A) government policies regarding transfer payments and welfare benefitsB) government policies regarding the purchase of goods and servicesC) government policies regarding taxationD) all of the above2. Which of the following is CORRECT regarding tax revenues?A) they do not change with changes in the tax rateB) they increase during recessionsC) they are the only revenue source in the government's budgetD) they decrease during economic slowdowns3. Disposable incomeA) decreases when income decreases.B) decreases when net taxes decrease.C) increases when saving decreases.D) all of the above4. Planned aggregate expenditure increases when ________ in the income-expenditure model.A) the government sector is excludedB) consumption is excludedC) the government sector is includedD) investment is excluded5. If output is greater than planned aggregate expenditure, there will beA) no change in inventories.B) a planned…suppose the government wishes to illuminate recessionary of a gdp of 100 billion in the MPC is .075. How much must the government increase in spending? Instead of increasing government spending by the amount you calculated what would be the effect of the government decreasing taxes by this amount explain?
- Assuming you are the Minister of Finance and Economic Planning for Nigeria, in charge of Fiscal Policy. The Research Director of the Ministry brought you the following data on Nigeria’s for the previous fiscal year, 2021. An examination of the data reveals that, during the fiscal year 2021, households in Nigeria saved 20% of their disposable income (Yd) and spent the rest on consumption. In addition, ₦5,000.00 was spent on Consumption expenditure (C), which is independent of income and Gross Private Investment (I) was ₦ 7,000.00. Total Government expenditure (G) which stood at ₦8,000.00 was supposed to be financed by a lump sum tax of ₦2,000.00 (independent of income) and a proportional tax rate of 25% of national income. Exports (X) stood at ₦2,500.00. In addition, the country’s import (M) during the previous fiscal year comprises of ₦1,000.00 which was independent of the country’s national income and 10% which was dependent of the country’s national income. Given these data on…Y=C0+C1(Y-T)+I+G, C0=100 dollars, C1=0.8 (1) Suppose that tax collection (t) increases as much as 200 dollars. What would be its effect on national income? (2) Suppose that government expenditure (G) and tax collection (T) increases as much as 200 dollars, respectively. What would be its effect on national income?Suppose an economy had aggregate demand components with the following relationships: Consumption spending, C=140+.60*(DY) Investment spending,I=25+.15*Y Government Spending, G= 0 Net Export Spending,X=0 Tax collections, Tx=0 a. What is the equilibrium income for this economy? b. If the government decided to increase G spending by 6, what would be the new equilibrium income for this economy? c. If instead the government decided to reduce Tx (taxes) by 10, what would be the new equilibrium income for the economy? d. If instead the government decided to increase G spending and Increase Tx (taxes) by 20, what would be the new equilibrium for this economy?
- Which of the following is a category of fiscal policy?A) government policies regarding transfer payments and welfare benefitsB) government policies regarding the purchase of goods and servicesC) government policies regarding taxationD) all of the above Planned aggregate expenditure increases when ________ in the income-expenditure model.A) the government sector is excludedB) consumption is excludedC) the government sector is includedD) investment is excluded If output is greater than planned aggregate expenditure, there will beA) no change in inventories.B) a planned increase in inventories.C) an unplanned decrease in inventories.D) an unplanned increase in inventories. . During a recession, unemployment ________, tax revenue ________, and the budget deficit ________.A) rises; rises; fallsB) falls; falls; risesC) rises; falls; risesD) falls; rises; risesConsider a closed economy. The profits of private corporations constitute a fraction ?of national income. These profits are subject to corporate tax and a fraction ? of the net profits is distributed to owners. The remaining profits are invested in theeconomy. To encourage investment, the government proposes to cut the corporation tax. The corporation tax is proportional and so is the regular tax but the rates are notnecessarily the same.Analyse the effects of the government proposal assuming that wages and pricesare flexible. Will there be any ambiguity about the results?Assume that, without taxes, the consumption schedule for an economy is as shown in the first two columns of the table below. Suppose that a lump-sum (regressive) tax of $10 billion is imposed at all levels of GDP. a. Calculate the tax rate at each level of GDP and enter the tax, disposable income, consumption, and tax rate in the table.Instructions: For the tax, disposable income, and consumption after tax, enter your answers as whole numbers. For the tax rate, round your answers to 2 decimal places.SEE PICTURE!!! b. Compare the MPC and the multiplier with those of the pretax consumption schedule. Instructions: For the MPC, round your answers to 1 decimal place. For the multiplier, enter your answers as whole numbers. SEE PICTURE!!!