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Here's a new idea for treating advanced melanoma, the most serious kind of skin cancer: genetically engineer white blood cells to better recognize and destroy cancer cells, then infuse these cells into patients. The subjects in a small initial study were 11 patients whose melanoma had not responded to existing treatments. One outcome of this experiment is measured by a test for the presence of cells that trigger an immune response in the body and so may help fight cancer. Here are data for the 11 subjects: counts of active cells per 100,000 cells before and after infusion of the modified cells. The difference (after minus before) is the response variable. Before 14 24 After 41 10 217 20 701 13 532 39 96 111 Difference 27 216 18 699 508 37 90 107 (a) Explain why this is a matched pairs design. O Half of the subjects took a placebo. O Each subject was measured before and after treatment. O The subjects were paired off with each other. O There were an even number of subjects. O All of the subjects were related. (b) Examine the data. The stemplot of differences shows a sharp right skew, and one or two high outliers. Is it reasonable to use the t procedures? O Yes, the t procedure should be used. O No, the t procedure should not be used. (c) Regardless of your conclusion in part (b), using the t procedures, do the data give convincing evidence that the count of active cells is higher after treatment? PLAN: Take u to be the mean difference (after minus before) in active cells per 100,000 cells. State the null and alternative hypotheses. O Ho: H = 0 Hạ: H # 0 Ο H μ = 0 Hạ: u < 0 Ο H: μ= 0 Ha: H > 0 О Но: и#0 H3: H > 0 SOLVE: Calculate the test statistic. (Round your answer to three decimal places.) %3D Use Table C to give two values between which P lies. O 0.100 < P< 0.150 O 0.050 < PS 0.100 O 0.025 < PS 0.050 O 0.020 < P< 0.025 O 0.010 < PS 0.020 O 0.005

Here's a new idea for treating advanced melanoma, the most serious kind of skin cancer: genetically engineer white blood cells to better recognize and destroy cancer cells, then infuse these cells into patients. The subjects in a small initial study were 11 patients whose melanoma had not responded to existing treatments. One outcome of this experiment is measured by a test for the presence of cells that trigger an immune response in the body and so may help fight cancer. Here are data for the 11 subjects: counts of active cells per 100,000 cells before and after infusion of the modified cells. The difference (after minus before) is the response variable. Before 14 24 After 41 10 217 20 701 13 532 39 96 111 Difference 27 216 18 699 508 37 90 107 (a) Explain why this is a matched pairs design. O Half of the subjects took a placebo. O Each subject was measured before and after treatment. O The subjects were paired off with each other. O There were an even number of subjects. O All of the subjects were related. (b) Examine the data. The stemplot of differences shows a sharp right skew, and one or two high outliers. Is it reasonable to use the t procedures? O Yes, the t procedure should be used. O No, the t procedure should not be used. (c) Regardless of your conclusion in part (b), using the t procedures, do the data give convincing evidence that the count of active cells is higher after treatment? PLAN: Take u to be the mean difference (after minus before) in active cells per 100,000 cells. State the null and alternative hypotheses. O Ho: H = 0 Hạ: H # 0 Ο H μ = 0 Hạ: u < 0 Ο H: μ= 0 Ha: H > 0 О Но: и#0 H3: H > 0 SOLVE: Calculate the test statistic. (Round your answer to three decimal places.) %3D Use Table C to give two values between which P lies. O 0.100 < P< 0.150 O 0.050 < PS 0.100 O 0.025 < PS 0.050 O 0.020 < P< 0.025 O 0.010 < PS 0.020 O 0.005

Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897, 0079039898, 2018
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897, 0079039898, 2018
18th Edition
ISBN:9780079039897
Author:Carter
Publisher:Carter
Chapter10: Statistics
Section10.1: Measures Of Center
Problem 9PPS
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Here's a new idea for treating advanced melanoma, the most serious kind of skin cancer: genetically engineer white blood cells to better recognize and destroy cancer cells, then infuse these cells into patients. The subjects in a small initial study were 11 patients whose melanoma had not responded to existing treatments. One outcome of this experiment is measured by a test for the presence of cells that trigger an immune response in the body and so may help fight cancer. Here are data for the 11 subjects: counts of active cells per 100,000 cells before and after infusion of the modified cells. The difference (after minus before) is the response variable. Before 14 24 After 41 10 217 20 701 13 532 39 96 111 Difference 27 216 18 699 508 37 90 107 (a) Explain why this is a matched pairs design. O Half of the subjects took a placebo. O Each subject was measured before and after treatment. O The subjects were paired off with each other. O There were an even number of subjects. O All of the subjects were related. (b) Examine the data. The stemplot of differences shows a sharp right skew, and one or two high outliers. Is it reasonable to use the t procedures? O Yes, the t procedure should be used. O No, the t procedure should not be used. (c) Regardless of your conclusion in part (b), using the t procedures, do the data give convincing evidence that the count of active cells is higher after treatment? PLAN: Take u to be the mean difference (after minus before) in active cells per 100,000 cells. State the null and alternative hypotheses. O Ho: H = 0 Hạ: H # 0 Ο H μ = 0 Hạ: u < 0 Ο H: μ= 0 Ha: H > 0 О Но: и#0 H3: H > 0 SOLVE: Calculate the test statistic. (Round your answer to three decimal places.) %3D Use Table C to give two values between which P lies. O 0.100 < P< 0.150 O 0.050 < PS 0.100 O 0.025 < PS 0.050 O 0.020 < P< 0.025 O 0.010 < PS 0.020 O 0.005 <PS 0.010 CONCLUDE: Describe your results in this setting. O we have evidence at the 5% significance level that the count of active cells per 100,000 cells is higher after the infusion compared to before the infusion. O we do not have enough evidence at the 5% significance level that the count of active cells per 100,000 cells is higher after the infusion compared to before the infusion.
Transcribed Image Text:Here's a new idea for treating advanced melanoma, the most serious kind of skin cancer: genetically engineer white blood cells to better recognize and destroy cancer cells, then infuse these cells into patients. The subjects in a small initial study were 11 patients whose melanoma had not responded to existing treatments. One outcome of this experiment is measured by a test for the presence of cells that trigger an immune response in the body and so may help fight cancer. Here are data for the 11 subjects: counts of active cells per 100,000 cells before and after infusion of the modified cells. The difference (after minus before) is the response variable. Before 14 24 After 41 10 217 20 701 13 532 39 96 111 Difference 27 216 18 699 508 37 90 107 (a) Explain why this is a matched pairs design. O Half of the subjects took a placebo. O Each subject was measured before and after treatment. O The subjects were paired off with each other. O There were an even number of subjects. O All of the subjects were related. (b) Examine the data. The stemplot of differences shows a sharp right skew, and one or two high outliers. Is it reasonable to use the t procedures? O Yes, the t procedure should be used. O No, the t procedure should not be used. (c) Regardless of your conclusion in part (b), using the t procedures, do the data give convincing evidence that the count of active cells is higher after treatment? PLAN: Take u to be the mean difference (after minus before) in active cells per 100,000 cells. State the null and alternative hypotheses. O Ho: H = 0 Hạ: H # 0 Ο H μ = 0 Hạ: u < 0 Ο H: μ= 0 Ha: H > 0 О Но: и#0 H3: H > 0 SOLVE: Calculate the test statistic. (Round your answer to three decimal places.) %3D Use Table C to give two values between which P lies. O 0.100 < P< 0.150 O 0.050 < PS 0.100 O 0.025 < PS 0.050 O 0.020 < P< 0.025 O 0.010 < PS 0.020 O 0.005 <PS 0.010 CONCLUDE: Describe your results in this setting. O we have evidence at the 5% significance level that the count of active cells per 100,000 cells is higher after the infusion compared to before the infusion. O we do not have enough evidence at the 5% significance level that the count of active cells per 100,000 cells is higher after the infusion compared to before the infusion.
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