How do glucagon and epinephrine affect fuel metabolism in liver, muscle, and adipose tissue?
Q: Can alanine, glycine, and serine be used to treat hypoglycemia induced by starvation? Explain.
A: Hypoglycemia: Hypoglycemia occurs when the blood glucose level falls below the usual range. Glucose…
Q: List the metabolic effects of epinephrine and the sympathetic nerves to the liver and adipose…
A: Epinephrine is a stimulating hormones and it convert the store glycogen in adipose tissue to…
Q: How do the control mechanisms in glycogen metabolism lead to amplification of response to a…
A: Most of the reactions occurring in our body are catalyzed by enzymes. Enzymes are proteins which are…
Q: Why does it make metabolic sense for the same hormone signal to stimulate glycogenolysis and inhibit…
A: The muscles and the liver respond in distinct ways to the same hormone signal, thus participating in…
Q: How do insulin and epinephrine regulate glycogen metabolism in the muscle through the Glycogen…
A: The anabolic motion of insulin is antagonized through the catabolic motion of glucagon. Insulin…
Q: What role does cyclic AMP play in glucose regulation?
A: Cyclic adenosine monophosphate is a messenger molecule used in the signalling pathways. It is…
Q: What does the catabolism of triglycerides in adipose tissue yield?
A: The tissue is the accumulation of the multiple layers of cells, which are to some extent similar in…
Q: What happens to ketone body production during cases of prolonged hypoglacemia?
A: Hypoglacemia is a condition occurring in a body where in the blood glucose levels falls below a…
Q: How does adipose tissue metabolize absorbed triglyceride, and what are the three major sources of…
A: The digestive system consists of a collection of organs that help in the digestion and metabolism of…
Q: How do the liver and adipose tissue metabolize glucose during the absorptive state?
A: The fraction of the absorbed amino acids are taken up by the liver on the other hand the amino acids…
Q: how do leptin, insulin, and estrogen affect the endocrine control of adipose tissue deposition
A: EFFECT OF LEPTIN ON ENDOCRINE CONTROL OF ADIPOSE TISSUE DEPOSITION Leptin has a great role in the…
Q: How is it possible that both insulin andepine phrine stimulate muscle glycolysis?
A: Insulin is a peptide hormone secreted by the pancreas while epinephrine (adrenaline) is a…
Q: Describe the role of the hormones insulin and glucagon in regulating glucose and amino acid…
A: Glucagon is a pancreatic peptide hormone secreted by alpha cells. Insulin is another pancreatic…
Q: How does glucose binding to glycogen phosphorylase stimulate glycogen synthesis?
A: When there is an enormous amount of energy present, then the cell uses these to synthesize glycogen…
Q: What is purine catabolism?
A: Nucleic acids are the major class of biomolecules that are important for all forms of the organism.…
Q: What three molecules produced during the citric acid cycle are an indirect or direct source of…
A: The citric acid cycle produces chemical energy such as ATP/GTP, NADH, FADH2 from the oxidation of…
Q: How does insulin and glucagon affect the rate of glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, and glycolysis?
A: Introduction: Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by beta cells of Langerhans of the pancreas.…
Q: What is the function of the glucose-alanine cycle in normalmetabolism?
A: The glucose-alanine cycle is also known as the alanine cycle or the Cahill cycle. It occurs under…
Q: How are enzymes in Citric Acid Cycle regulated? What are these enzymes and their inhibitors?
A: Cellular metabolism is the set of all reactions that are involved in producing energy in the body.…
Q: What are the eff ects of exercise versus eating a carbohy- drate- and protein-rich meal on the…
A: Ans: Insulin and glucagon are the opposite effect hormone which controls blood glucose levels in…
Q: How do the pathways for the synthesis and breakdown of glycogen differ in liver and muscle? How does…
A: In stressful conditions/fasting/starvation when the blood glucose level is low, some…
Q: With respect to glycogen, what is the likely fate of excess glucose 6-phosphate in muscle?
A: The process of glycolysis in which the glucose is converted to two molecules of pyruvate along with…
Q: Does the allosteric regulation induced by insulin activate (or repress) phosphofructokinase-1…
A: Phosphofructose kinase 1 is a glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of fructose…
Q: How does increasing the ADP/ATP ratio influence isocitrate dehydrogenase activity?
A: A Isocitrate dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate, resulting in…
Q: Does glucagon lead to the deactivation or activation of glycogen phosphorylase and the…
A: Glucagon is a peptide hormone secreted by α-cells of pancreas. Glucagon released during the low…
Q: How do the KM values for glucokinase and hexokinase reflect their roles in sugar metabolism?
A: The Km value is the Michalis constant, which determines the affinity of the enzyme with the inverse…
Q: what is the role of amino acids in purine metabolism?
A: Purine metabolism is described as a process in which different metabolic pathways are followed so as…
Q: How does exercise influence postprandial lipemia and hyperglycemia? What is a mitochondrial…
A: Exercise also aids in the reduction and alleviation of pre-existing health problems. Exercising…
Q: What roles do glucagon and epinephrine play in glycogen breakdown?
A: Glycogen is a branched polymer of glucose residues and most of the glycogen molecule is degraded to…
Q: How does insulin stimulate glycogen synthesis?
A: Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the beta-cells of the islets of langerhans. It favors…
Q: How is hexane oxygenated during anoxic catabolism?
A: Hexane refers to alkane of six carbon atom with the molecular formula C6H14. They are colorless and…
Q: What factors contribute to storage of excess energy as triacylglycerols?
A: Triacylglycerols are also known as triglycerides are the simplest lipids formed by fatty acids. It…
Q: What processes are decreased by ethanol consumption?
A: Alcohol consumption: a. Consuming alcohol can lead to a number of health problems that affect major…
Q: How does the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction control the citric acid cycle?
A: The conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA is catalyzed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. This…
Q: What role does insulin play in glycogen synthesis?
A: Glycogen is a storage form of glucose that is stored in the muscle and liver cells. Glycogen is a…
Q: How does the yield of ATP from complete oxidation of onemolecule of glucose in muscle and brain…
A: Oxidative phosphorylation is the process that occurs during the electron transport chain. During…
Q: How Are Odd-Carbon Fatty Acids Oxidized?
A: In the beta-oxidation pathway involves in metabolise odd-carbon fatty acids in human and animals.…
Q: What are three metabolic alterations related to hyperglycemia that contribute to diabetic…
A: Diabetes is the condition in which the body is not able to produce enough amount of insulin hormone…
Q: How does regulation of glycogen metabolism differ between liver and muscle?
A: Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in…
Q: How does calcium regulate the citric acid cycle?
A: Calcium is also an important regulator of the citric acid cycle; an increase in concentrations of…
Q: What is the chief benefit of being able to perform the glyoxylate cycle?
A: Introduction: The glyoxylate cycle occurs in plants, certain invertebrates, and some microorganisms…
Q: How are glucose, gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, glycogen synthesis and degradation, and…
A: Metabolism is a series of interconnected chemical reactions occurring within a cell; the chemical…
Q: What are the metabolic effects of not being able to produce the M subunit of phosphofructokinase?
A: Introduction: One of the most significant glycolysis regulating enzymes is phosphofructokinase-1…
Q: What are the five enzymes (including regulatory enzymes) that constitute the pyruvate dehydrogenase…
A: Introduction: The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is a three-enzyme complex that transforms pyruvate…
Q: Is the statement "insulin inhibits beta-oxidation but stimulates fatty acid biosynthesis", cprrect?
A: Asked : If the given state is correct or not.
Q: How does compromised pyruvate kinase activity lead to anemia?
A: Pyruvate kinase is a catalytic enzyme that catalyzes the final step of glycolysis, which is crucial…
How do glucagon and epinephrine affect fuel
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- how do leptin, insulin, and estrogen affect the endocrine control of adipose tissue deposition and mobilization?How do the pathways for the synthesis and breakdown of glycogen differ in liver and muscle? How does this relate to the function of stored glycogen in the two tissues?How is the usage of fat as an energy source regulated? What would you expect to be the effect ofcaffeine or theophylline on fatty acid mobilization?