Why can liver glycogen, but not muscle glycogen, be used to raise blood sugar levels?

Q: Can alanine, glycine, and serine be used to treat hypoglycemia induced by starvation? Explain.

A: Hypoglycemia: Hypoglycemia occurs when the blood glucose level falls below the usual range. Glucose…

Q: Please describe the steps by which insulin would stimulate fatty acid biosynthesis while inhibiting…

A: Hormones are chemical messengers that are involved in signaling pathways. They regulate many…

Q: Why does a deficiency of carbohydrates in the diet lead to ketone body formation?

A: Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy ketone or polyhydroxy aldehyde or compounds which produce them on…

Q: Why are thioesters considered high-energycompounds?

A: Energy-rich compounds in cells comprise five kinds of high-energy bonds: phosphoanhydride, acyl…

Q: Fatty acids appear to stimulate insulin secretion to a much greater extent when glucose is also…

A: Long chain fatty acids potentiate glucose stimulated insulin secretion. Fatty acids don't trigger…

Q: Is ketogenesis anabolic or catabolic? Thus, what initiates the ketogenesis in our body?

A: Most of the acetyl-CoA produced during fatty acid oxidation is used by the citric acid cycle or in…

Q: What effect is observed on the rate of gluconeogenesis under each of the following conditions? a.…

A: Carbohydrates and fatty acids are oxidized to generate energy for metabolic processes. Carbohydrates…

Q: What is the full regulatory pathway of glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase by insulin and…

A: Before going into the whole complex regulatory pathways, you need to know a few basic facts.…

Q: What does the catabolism of triglycerides in adipose tissue yield?

A: The tissue is the accumulation of the multiple layers of cells, which are to some extent similar in…

Q: Where does Triglyceride digestion occur? Explain how?

A: Pancreatic lipase (pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase), is an enzyme secreted from the pancreas.…

Q: What level of protein structure is hexameric insulin?

A: The pancreas has a very important role in the body. It can function as endocrine as well as…

Q: Describe the different functions of glycogen in liver and muscle

A: Polysaccharides are larger molecules of sugar compounds that are made up of many smaller units of…

Q: How does adipose tissue metabolize absorbed triglyceride, and what are the three major sources of…

A: The digestive system consists of a collection of organs that help in the digestion and metabolism of…

Q: you follow a carbohydrate-free diet, certain metabolic problems occur. Describe glucogenesis and the…

A: Glucogenesis is the formation of glucose within an animal body from any product of glycolysis.…

Q: What is the importance of vitamin C for carnitine and fat metabolism? explain in detail

A: Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a vitamin that is soluble in water. It is naturally present in citrus…

Q: how do leptin, insulin, and estrogen affect the endocrine control of adipose tissue deposition

A: EFFECT OF LEPTIN ON ENDOCRINE CONTROL OF ADIPOSE TISSUE DEPOSITION Leptin has a great role in the…

Q: How does glucose binding to glycogen phosphorylase stimulate glycogen synthesis?

A: When there is an enormous amount of energy present, then the cell uses these to synthesize glycogen…

Q: How does the amino acid substitution and amino acid chain in protamine zinc insulin help control the…

A: Biotechnology is the use of our understanding of biological processes to develop useful applications…

Q: What impact would an increase in intramitochondrial oxaloacetate have on fatty acid synthesis?…

A: Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with long hydrocarbon chains. Fatty acids undergo β oxidation when…

Q: With respect to glycogen, what is the likely fate of excess glucose 6-phosphate in muscle?

A: The process of glycolysis in which the glucose is converted to two molecules of pyruvate along with…

Q: Given the nature of the hormonal activation of lipases, what carbohydrate pathways would be…

A: The lipase is an enzyme found in the pancreas that catalyzes the breakdown of fats to fatty acids…

Q: List reaction or pathways of fatty acid oxidation and biosynthesis affected by insulin and glucagon.

A: Insulin is the hormone synthesized by the β cells of pancreas. Whereas glucagon is synthesized by…

Q: Does the allosteric regulation induced by insulin activate (or repress) phosphofructokinase-1…

A: Phosphofructose kinase 1 is a glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of fructose…

Q: Why is it that only 2ATP molecules are required to store one glucose molecule as glycogen?

A: Glycogen is a homopolymer that is made up of repeated units of alpha-D-glucose and it is connected…

Q: Which glycogen storage disorder is known as amylopectinosis? explain very briefly.

A: In glycogen storage disease abnormal accumulation of sugar occur in the body due to defective…

Q: Are fatty foods always rich in calories? and Why?

A: Fats are the important macronutrients. There are two types of fats are there they are saturated and…

Q: What is an insulin

A: Insulin is a type of hormone. Hormones are the signalling molecules that are synthesized by glands…

Q: How does insulin stimulate glycogen synthesis?

A: Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the beta-cells of the islets of langerhans. It favors…

Q: What factors contribute to storage of excess energy as triacylglycerols?

A: Triacylglycerols are also known as triglycerides are the simplest lipids formed by fatty acids. It…

Q: Which of the following is NOT an important precursor of glucose in animals when gluconeogenesis…

A: GLUCOSE 6 PHOSPHATE is not an important precursor of glucose in animals when gluconeogenesis occur.

Q: List the steps in the digestion of dietary triacylglycerols and their transport into the…

A: Chylomicrons are in the intestinal cells and relay lipids from the digestive tract and mix them in…

Q: How are fatty acids related to ketogenic diet? Explain.

A: Ketogenic diet- It is proven helpful for weight loss and it is also used in treating epilepsy in…

Q: What is the difference between Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome (HHNS)?

A: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS) are the two…

Q: Which amino acids are exclusively ketogenic?

A: Introduction During amino acid catabolism, ketogenic amino acids are broken down to Acetyl CoA or…

Q: at is gluconeogenesis, and what useful purposes does it serve in people?

A: Gluconeogenesis occurs in the liver and kidneys.

Q: What hormones control carbohydrate metabolism?

A: Carbohydrate metabolism is a biochemical process that involves the constant supply of energy to all…

Q: What role does insulin play in glycogen synthesis?

A: Glycogen is a storage form of glucose that is stored in the muscle and liver cells. Glycogen is a…

Q: In a diabetic liver, which of the following pathways would be constantly active? O glycolysis O…

A: Introduction: The series of chemical reactions that occur in the living body together known as…

Q: Depending on the body’s needs, into what type of compounds is glucose converted in the pentose…

A: Pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is a pathway parallel to glycolysis. In the first step of…

Q: What is the importance ofiron in diet? What is thedisease caused by irondeficiency?

A: Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals. It delivers necessary substances such as oxygen…

Q: Avidin, a protein found in egg whites, binds to biotin so strongly that it inhibits enzymes that…

A: Avidin was naturally found in the raw eggs whereas the affinity of biotin was destroyed upon…

Q: List the seven metabolites that represent the end products of amino acid catabolism. Which are…

A: Every amino acid has an amino group and a carboxyl group. Both groups are at two different ends.…

Q: How are glucose, gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, glycogen synthesis and degradation, and…

A: Metabolism is a series of interconnected chemical reactions occurring within a cell; the chemical…

Q: How does the body respond to decrease in blood glucose level below about 5mM?

A: Blood sugar is the most common sugar present in the body. It is the body's major source of energy…

Q: Why would a cause of hyperinsulinism be hypoglycemia?

A: Introduction:Hypoglycemia is a state of having blood sugar (glucose) levels that are below normal.…

Q: What Is Gluconeogenesis, and How DoesIt Operate?

A: Introduction: A metabolic route is a chain of chemical events that take place within a cell.…