How is the prolonged refractory period generated incardiac muscle? What is the advantage of a prolongedrefractory period?

Q: What is receptive relaxation?

A: Different systems of the body are comprised of different specialized components that are determined…

Q: Where are Muscle-spindle stretch receptors located/ What is their role?

A: Muscle spindles are referred to as stretch receptors that are known to signal the variation in the…

Q: How do Golgi tendon organs monitor muscle tension?

A: BASIC INFORMATION  MUSCLE It is a type of soft tissue which are found in most of the animals. The…

Q: What is s receptive relaxation?

A: The digestive system is made up of the gastrointestinal tract and the accessory organs of digestion…

Q: Differentiate between Slow-twitch fibers and Fast-twitch fibers?

A: Skeletal muscles are made up of different types of muscle fibers (cylindrical muscle cell) which…

Q: Contrast the two major types of descending motor pathways interms of structure and function?

A: The motor neurons are those neurons that take the message (response to the stimulus) from the brain…

Q: How is the information determined by the motor program?

A: Answer: Introduction: Motor Programme means a sequence of procedures ordered into the accurate…

Q: Explain why muscle tone is first decreased and then increased when descending motor tracts…

A: The fibre tracts that carry impulses from the brain to the skeletal muscles are called "motor or…

Q: Describe what is the Stretch Reflex?

A: Muscle is a soft tissue that contains the myosin and actin filaments that helps in the contraction…

Q: What is the differencebetween spatial summationand temporal summation ofmuscle fibers? What is…

A: The additive effect of multiple electrical signals on the neuromuscular junctions is described as…

Q: What is absolute refractory period?

A:

Q: What are two functions of electroreceptors?

A: electroreceptors are the jelly-filled tubes on the surface of the sharkskin this tube ends in the…

Q: What is the difference of depolarization and hyperpolarization? Why do cold receptors depolarize…

A: both are the phases in the generation and conduction of an action potential.

Q: Why is hyperpolarization important

A: The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of any living organism. It is the smallest unit…

Q: Why does TTX reduce the response caused by nerve stimulation and also the response to direct muscle…

A: Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a powerful poison is specific to voltage gated sodium channels. TTX  inhibits…

Q: Label the patellar reflex arc and reciprocal innervation in Figure .

A: Sensory organ Sensory neuron Interneuron  Cell bodies of motor neuron Motor neuron Motor neuron…

Q: Compare and contrast active and passive range-of-motion exercises ?

A: The human body comprises many joints(the connection made between bones), it exerts movements for…

Q: Define attenuation

A: An operon is a functional unit of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) containing a cluster of genes under…

Q: Explain why the ratio of motor neurons to muscle fibers isgreater in muscles that control eye…

A: The muscle system is responsible for several functions such as maintaining body posture, locomotion,…

Q: What determines whether optogenetic stimulation excites a neuron or inhibits it?

A: The genetic technique in which the researcher can stimulate or terminate the neuron activity using…

Q: What kind of muscle is stimulated by the somatic (motor)?

A: According to guidelines we have to answer the first question only. so please kindly post the…

Q: Why can a greater-than-normal stimulus trigger an AP during the relative refractory period but not…

A: Our brain sends and receives information in the form of electrical signals. These electrical signals…

Q: On the graph above, when do the sodium ion channels close? Select one: a. between 0.2 ms and 0.5 ms,…

A: When the stimulus is provided, the Sodium ion VGIC's (Voltage-gated ion channel) move from resting…

Q: the stretch reflex monosynaptic or polysynaptic? Explain

A: Introduction:- The contraction of a muscle in response to passive stretching is known as the stretch…

Q: At what frequency of stimulation did tetanic contraction occur?

A: The muscles are stimulated by the nerve impulses causing the contraction of the muscles. The muscle…

Q: What causes the variations kn the measurements for the twitch amplitudes for different twitches?

A: A contraction of muscle fibers generate when an action potential pass down the motor neurons. A…

Q: What are SASPs and what is their function?

A: The bacteria are the unicellular organisms. They possess certain compounds that define their…

Q: Describe how an action potential triggers muscle contraction. Know the specific molecules involved,…

A: A muscle contraction means a reduction in the length of the muscle or an increase in tension. A…

Q: What ion is needed to release neurotransmitters from thesynaptic vesicle? What neurotransmitter is…

A: Introduction:   Synaptic vesicles are small membrane sacs that transport neurotransmitters from the…

Q: Which is typically the most effective temporal NS-US arragement? Why?

A: Introduction By Organising The Neutral And Unconditional Responses In Various Ways, The Effective…

Q: The stimulus in the process of thigmotropism?

A: Plants are non-motile living beings that are capable of producing their own food utilizing the…

Q: What do the two main proprioceptors in muscles respond to? Select one: a. The golgi tendon organ…

A: proprioreceptor: A sensory receptor that responds to position and movement of the body in…

Q: Does a prolonged threshold stimulation or a prolonged stronger than – threshold stimulus produce the…

A: the threshold potential is the critical level to which a membrane potential must be depolarized to…

Q: If ACh channels are opened on a muscle fiber that is held at +55 mV, which ion moves predominantly?…

A: In general, nerves and muscles generate and transfer electrical signals and these excited signals…

Q: What determines the maximum rate of Action Potential firing?

A: The action potential is created when the membrane potential in a neuron accidentally rises and…

Q: Question B)

A: Pain occurs whenever tissues are being damaged, and it causes the individual to react to remove the…

Q: What signal does the IIA afferent send? It signals the alpha motor neuron to contract the extrafusal…

A: The nervous system is derived from ectoderm. It consists of neuron and neuroglial cells. The neuron…

Q: Which produces the most action potentials: a prolonged threshold stimulus ora prolonged,…

A: The power of action is usually initiated by postsynaptic excitatory skills arising from the…

Q: Post-rotational alteration of muscle tone :-a- results from altered pattern of macular dischargeb-…

A: Muscle tone is the status of the contraction of the resting muscle. The partial contraction of the…

Q: What is the difference between A-delta and C fibers?

A: Nociceptors are made up of different kinds of nerve fibres (axons) that have free ends. The diameter…

Q: Give one example of Extensors?

A: Skeletal muscles produce all the movements of body parts in relation to each other and are attached…

Q: from stimulus to effector muscle

A: We know that nervous system will coordinate and control the activities of animals and humans .…

Sleep Physiology

Sleep is a condition of reduced muscle movement in the body. Awareness about the surroundings is reduced at the time of sleep. The body stays mildly responsive or non-responsive to external stimuli. The sleep-wake cycle is controlled by the circadian rhythm that produces a resting phase for the body.