(i) Compare the biological activities of morphine and apomorphine (structures shown below). (ii) Provide a detailed mechanism (curved-arrow formalism) for the conversion of morphine to apomorphine under acid-catalyzed conditions. но. HO но HO morphine apomorphine
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- Explain how benzaldehyde and dimedone reacts with each other, and then with the aminotriazole to form compound 1a in the presence of an acid catalyst. Provide a detailed reaction mechanism. During the development of the optimized procedure for the experiment, it was found out that compound 1b can also be produced from the same set of starting materials. Propose a detailed reaction mechanism for the formation of 1b. Explain your answer. What factor/s may drive the formation of 1b over 1a?Doxaprost, an orally active bronchodilator patterned after the natural prostaglandins , is synthesized in the following series of reactions starting with ethyl 2-oxocyclopentanecarboxylate. Except for the Nef reaction in Step 8, we have seen examples of all other types of reactions involved in this synthesis. Q. Write equations to show that Step 6 can be brought about using either methanol or diazomethane (CH2N2) as a source of the -CH3 in the methyl ester.3. Benzalacetophenone can be nitrated to give the mononitro derivative.(a) Provide the structure of the mononitro derivative.(b) If a second nitro group is introduced, where would it enter? Give the structure of theproduct.
- To synthesize trans-cinnamic acid from benzaldehyde (PhCHO) and acetic anhydride (Ac2O) under basic, refluxing conditions to exemplify the Perkin condensation. 1. Draw the complete chemical reaction to be carried out. 2. Provide a complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the synthesis of trans-cinnamic acid. 3. Briefly describe the role of water, Na2CO3, and HCl in the isolation of the product. Draw the structure of the product at basic pH (after Na2CO3 addition) and at acidic pH (after HCl addition).Over the past several decades, chemists have developed a number of synthetic methodologies for the synthesis of steroid hormones. One of these, developed by Lutz Tietze at the Institut für Organische Chemie der Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany, used a double Heck reaction to create ring B of the steroid nucleus. As shown in the following retrosynthetic analysis, a key intermediate in his synthesis is compound (1). Two Heck reaction disconnects of this intermediate give compounds (2) and (3). Compound (2) contains the aromatic ring that becomes ring A of estrone. Compound (3) contains the fused five- and six-membered rings that become rings C and D of estrone. Q.Propose structural formulas for compounds (2) and (3).Over the past several decades, chemists have developed a number of synthetic methodologies for the synthesis of steroid hormones. One of these, developed by Lutz Tietze at the Institut für Organische Chemie der Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany, used a double Heck reaction to create ring B of the steroid nucleus. As shown in the following retrosynthetic analysis, a key intermediate in his synthesis is compound (1). Two Heck reaction disconnects of this intermediate give compounds (2) and (3). Compound (2) contains the aromatic ring that becomes ring A of estrone. Compound (3) contains the fused five- and six-membered rings that become rings C and D of estrone. Q.Name the types of functional groups in estrone
- Over the past several decades, chemists have developed a number of synthetic methodologies for the synthesis of steroid hormones. One of these, developed by Lutz Tietze at the Institut für Organische Chemie der Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany, used a double Heck reaction to create ring B of the steroid nucleus. As shown in the following retrosynthetic analysis, a key intermediate in his synthesis is compound (1). Two Heck reaction disconnects of this intermediate give compounds (2) and (3). Compound (2) contains the aromatic ring that becomes ring A of estrone. Compound (3) contains the fused five- and six-membered rings that become rings C and D of estrone. Q.How many chiral centers are present in estrone?Over the past several decades, chemists have developed a number of synthetic methodologies for the synthesis of steroid hormones. One of these, developed by Lutz Tietze at the Institut für Organische Chemie der Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany, used a double Heck reaction to create ring B of the steroid nucleus. As shown in the following retrosynthetic analysis, a key intermediate in his synthesis is compound (1). Two Heck reaction disconnects of this intermediate give compounds (2) and (3). Compound (2) contains the aromatic ring that becomes ring A of estrone. Compound (3) contains the fused five- and six-membered rings that become rings C and D of estrone. Q.Show how your proposals for compounds (2) and (3) can be converted to compound (1). (Note: In the course of developing this synthesis, Tietze discovered that vinylic bromides and iodides are more reactive in Heck reactions than are aryl bromides and iodides.)Over the past several decades, chemists have developed a number of synthetic methodologies for the synthesis of steroid hormones. One of these, developed by Lutz Tietze at the Institut für Organische Chemie der Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany, used a double Heck reaction to create ring B of the steroid nucleus. As shown in the following retrosynthetic analysis, a key intermediate in his synthesis is compound (1). Two Heck reaction disconnects of this intermediate give compounds (2) and (3). Compound (2) contains the aromatic ring that becomes ring A of estrone. Compound (3) contains the fused five- and six-membered rings that become rings C and D of estrone. Q. In the course of the double Heck reactions, two new chiral centers are created. Assume in compound (3), the precursor to rings C and D of estrone, that the fusion of rings C and D is trans and that the angular methyl group is above the plane of the ring. Given this stereochemistry, predict the stereochemistry of…
- Please show the electron-flow mechanism of the general synthesis of Sulfonamides,this involves predicting major and by-products using electronic and structural effects. The arrow push mechanism must be shown.Suggest a reasonable synthetic strategy for synthesizing 3,5-dichlorobenzyl amine from benzaldehyde.Provide the amine and coupling component that can be used as starting materials to synthesize the following dyes
