I need help rewriting this without copying word by word. Could you help me?Could you also use different references from different sources? The partition coefficient (P) or distribution coefficient (D) is essentially defined as the ratioof concentrations of an organic solute in two immiscible solvents (usually water, and ahydrophobic organic solvent such as ethyl acetate or octanol) in a liquid biphaseat equilibrium, as mentioned by (Speight, 2017), and provides a numerical illustration intothe lipophilicity of the molecule being tested. Lipophilicity is an important physicochemicalproperty that needs to be tested for any potential new drug and, as both (Stolerman, 2010)and (Kerns EH., Di L., 2008) [1] state, is essentially how much an organic compound tends topartition into a non-polar medium compared to an aqueous medium. However, the keydifference between these two concepts is that logP (the logarithm of the partitioncoefficient) is only true for compounds that cannot ionise, whereas both (Scherrer andHoward, 1977) and (Ahuja and Dong, 2005) mention that logD (the logarithm of thedistribution coefficient) accounts for both the un-ionised and ionised forms (at a specifiedpH) in the aqueous layer while the organic layer consists of only the unionised form of thecompound. This means that the pH of the aqueous layer therefore impacts LogD (Reijengaet al., 2013) [1] (termed the pH partition hypothesis), which is buffered with the solepurpose of preserving it at a selected pH value so as to not substantially alter the solution'sambient pH when a compound is added to it (Wang et al., 2017) [1]. LogD is therefore themore useful analysis tool of the two because the pH of the solution is taken into account sois a vital component in the evaluation of how a drug behaves in different biologicalenvironments that have different pH values, which allows it to be used in the investigation asto how drugs distribute between different environments in the body.

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Appl Of Ms Excel In Analytical Chemistry

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781285686691

Author:Crouch

Publisher:Crouch

Chapter12: Spectrochemical Methods

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7P

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Estimate the organic carbon partition coefficient Koc of benzene from (a) solubility and (b) logKow Solubility, S=1780 mg/L, and logKow=2.12. The equations are below: logKoc= -0.54*logS + 0.44 (S is in mole fraction) logKoc= 1.0*logKow – 0.21 Finally find BCF using logKoc value: logKoc= 0.681*logBCF + 1.963
Solute A has a partition coefficient of 3 between toluene and water, with three times as much in the toluene phase. Suppose that 100 mL of a 0.010M aqueous solution of A is extracted with toluene. What fraction of A remains in the aqueous phase, if five extraction with 100 mL is performed?
What is the retardation factor of a pulse of dissolved benzene move through organic-rich wetland soil (organic carbon fraction of soil, foc=50%) if the effective porosity is 0.4 and the bulk density of the soil is 1.5 g/cm3. Follow these important hints: - Determine organic carbon partition coefficient (Koc) - Use this Equation: K oc = K d / f oc to calculate Kd. Select the range which includes your calculated answer. Group of answer choices 300 to 400 2.0 to 2.5 mg/l 2.0 to 2.5 2.6 to 4.8 0.5 to 1.0 2.6 to 4.8 mg/l None of these ranges include my answer.
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The active ingredient in Tylenol is acetaminophen. Suppose you had a mixture of acetaminophen and sodium chloride and wanted to separate it. Acetaminophen is soluble in ethyl acetate, CH3COOEt, and slightly soluble in water. Sodium chloride, on the other hand, is water soluble. Let’s assume that the partition coefficient for acetaminophen is KD = 8 between ethyl acetate and water mixture. If we start with a salt acetaminophen mixture that contains 10 g of acetaminophen dissolved in 100 mL of water, how much acetaminophen can we extract with two extractions of ethyl acetate 20 mL each?Do each extraction separately. Calculate how much do you extract with one extraction first. Then consider how much remains in the aqueous layer and extract again.
Using the kinetic data pictured, estimate Vmax and Km for the catalysis of Substrate 1 by the following enzyme (using the correct units).
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The following experimental data were collected during a study of the catalytic activity of an intestinalpeptidase with the substrate glycylglycine: Glycylglycine + H2O → 2 glycine [S] (mM) Rate of product formation (mol/min) 1.5 0.21 2.0 0.24 3.0 0.28 4.0 0.33 8.0 0.40 16.0 0.45 Use the graphical analysis (Lineweaver-Burk plot and equation) to determine the Km and Vmax for this enzyme preparation and substrate.
Where is the intermediate formation theory of catalysiis used ?