Identity the effect of on either demand or supply curve and the equilibrium interest rates on:- Increase in tax Recession in the economy Decrease in bank rates Surplus budget.
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Identity the effect of on either
- Increase in tax
- Recession in the economy
- Decrease in bank rates
- Surplus budget.
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Solved in 3 steps with 4 images
- .If in the Euro Area the value added tax is decreased; then what happens toequilibrium interest and national income in the Euro Area under the following conditions:a)Interest elasticity of Money demand is lowb)Interest elasticity of Money demand is highc)Interest elasticity of Money demand is zeroSketch the required graphics and explain the graphics6. a) If US money supply in the beginning of the year is $1148 billion. Suppose the FedBank has decided to raise the reserve ration from 10 percent to 11 percent. How itwould affect the money supply? b) If tax multiplier is -2, what is the government spending multiplier? c) In order to increase equilibrium income, either the government can increasegovernment spending or may go for tax cut? What would you suggest and why?Explain the relationship between fiscal policy and the interest elasticity of money demand. Why do the two relationships differ?
- Use an open-economy ISLM framework to graph and explain the overall effect of expansionary fiscal policy on y and r in an economy characterized by a relatively interest-sensitive money demand function. Also consider the impact of this policy on the distribution of output among spending sectors.Oman’s government will finance most of its budget shortfall in 2021 by borrowing to plug a fiscal gap battered by a decline in oil prices and the coronavirus pandemic. The Persian Gulf state is looking into borrowing that will cover 73%, or 1.6 billion rials ($4.2 billion), of the country’s 2.2 billion-rial shortfall, with the remaining 600 million rials to be drawn from its reserves, according to a post on Twitter by the state-run Oman News Agency on Friday. The government based its 2021 budget plan on an oil price of $45 per barrel. Other highlights from Oman’s 2021 budget: Expenditure is set to fall to 10.8 billion rials, a 14% drop from the previous year. 2021 revenue is set to fall to 8.6 billion rials, a 19% decline. Budget deficit at 8% of gross domestic product in 2021, 2.2 billion rials. Oman has taken measures such as reduced spending and plans to impose a 5% value-added tax in 2021. It will implement developmental projects valued at 371 million rials as part of the effort…Oman’s government will finance most of its budget shortfall in 2021 by borrowing to plug a fiscal gap battered by a decline in oil prices and the coronavirus pandemic. The Persian Gulf state is looking into borrowing that will cover 73%, or 1.6 billion rials ($4.2 billion), of the country’s 2.2 billion-rial shortfall, with the remaining 600 million rials to be drawn from its reserves, according to a post on Twitter by the state-run Oman News Agency on Friday. The government based its 2021 budget plan on an oil price of $45 per barrel. Other highlights from Oman’s 2021 budget: Expenditure is set to fall to 10.8 billion rials, a 14% drop from the previous year. 2021 revenue is set to fall to 8.6 billion rials, a 19% decline. Budget deficit at 8% of gross domestic product in 2021, 2.2 billion rials. Oman has taken measures such as reduced spending and plans to impose a 5% value-added tax in 2021. It will implement developmental projects valued at 371 million rials as part of the effort…
- Let: C = consumption I = investment spending G = government spending Tx = tax revenue Yd= after-tax income MS = money supply MD = money demand r = interest rateAssume for a given closed economy:(i) Consumers spend $200 billion plus 80% of after-tax income, orC=200+0.8 Yd(ii) Investment demand varies inversely with the interest rate, such thatI= 500-2000r(iii) Currently government spending and taxes are both $250 billion, orG=250 and Tx=250,(iv) The total money demand or liquidity preference schedule for this economy is an inversefunction of the rate of interest and is given by the equationMD=850-1000r(v) The required reserve ratio for banks in this economy is 20%. No bank holds excessreserves, and everybody keeps their money in the bank. The total of reserves in the banks is$150 billion.Answer the following questions given the information above.d) The central bank wants national income to be $3000 billion. What must investment befor the equilibrium level of national income to be $3000…Expansionary policies are designed to stimulate the economy byincreasing aggregate output. Explain why expansionary fiscalpolicy and expansionary monetary policy have opposite effectson the interest rate despite having the same goal of increasingaggregate output. Illustrate your answer with graphs of themoney market.One of the main arguments against using Fiscal Policy is the crowding out effect. Suppose the government uses government purchases to stimulate the economy. Explain quantitative easing? If the Fed’s current policy is quantitative easing, do you think that there is a danger of the government’s current fiscal policy being crowded out? Why or Why not? Explanation required.
- 1. Suppose the IS curve is Y = 3945-100i and Y = 1500 + 250i is the LM curve. Using these compute: a) The equilibrium interest rate and output (i*and Y*). b) If government spending was increased by 100m with an immediate impact elasticity of 2.5 in the goods market, determine new income and interest rate. d) Determine the magnitude of the change in money supply required to eliminate any crowding out effect in (b) above. Suppose di/dMs = -0.15. e) Explain the dynamics represented in (a-d) using an IS-LM space. (You may insert a snapshot of the graph if drawn manually).Let: C = consumption I = investment spending G = government spending Tx = tax revenue Yd = after-tax income MS = money supply MD = money demand r = interest rate Assume for a given closed economy: (i) Consumers spend $200 billion plus 80% of after-tax income, or C=200+0.8 Yd (ii) Investment demand varies inversely with the interest rate, such that I= 500-2000r (iii) Currently government spending and taxes are both $250 billion, or G=250 and Tx=250, (iv) The total money demand or liquidity preference schedule for this economy is an inverse function of the rate of interest and is given by the equation MD=850-1000r (v) The required reserve ratio for banks in this economy is 20%. No bank holds excess reserves, and everybody keeps their money in the bank. The total of reserves in the banks is $150 billion. Answer the following questions given the information above. a) What is the total money supply? b) What is the equilibrium interest rate? c) What is the equilibrium level of national…Suppose the government undertook a fiscal policy by increasing government expenditure by 20 percent. Clearly demonstrate how this would result in the crowding out phenomena.c. Suppose the instead of fiscal policy, the government, through its monetary authority undertook an expansionary monetary policy by increasing nominal money supply by 20 percent. Clearly demonstrate how this would result in the crowding in phenomena.