In many countries, income earned from financial investments is taxed at a higher rate than income earned from employment. What might explain this? * The marginal utility from employment dollars is greater than that from investment dollars. The marginal utility from employment dollars is less than that from investment dollars. None of the above. The consumer surplus derived from employment income is greater than that from investment income. The consumer surplus derived from employment

In many countries, income earned from financial investments is taxed at a higher rate than income earned from employment. What might explain this? * The marginal utility from employment dollars is greater than that from investment dollars. The marginal utility from employment dollars is less than that from investment dollars. None of the above. The consumer surplus derived from employment income is greater than that from investment income. The consumer surplus derived from employment

Micro Economics For Today

10th Edition

ISBN:9781337613064

Author:Tucker, Irvin B.

Publisher:Tucker, Irvin B.

Chapter12: Income Distribution, Poverty, And Discrimination

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 20SQ

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One proposal for reforming the welfare system is to create a negative income tax. Under the negative income tax, each person is entitled to a grant of G dollars permonth. For every dollar the person earns, the grant is reduced by t dollars. a. Suppose G = 200 and t = 0.40. Consider an individual whose hourly wage = $10. There are 30 days in a month, so the total allotment of T = 720. Sketch the budgetconstraint before and after the introduction of the negative income tax. b. Would people work more or less with the implementation of this system? c. What if t = 100%? Explain!
Explain the definitions assumed by the table and cite specific figures in the table to explain the middle-income trap. (b) Explain the causes of the middle-income trap according to Arias and Wen.
Consider a person who can work up to 80 hours each week at a pretax wage of $20 per hour but faces a constant 20 percent payroll tax. Under these conditions, the worker maximizes her utility by choosing to work 50 hours each week. The government proposes a negative income tax whereby everyone is given $300 each week and anyone can supplement her income further by working. To pay for the negative income tax, the payroll tax rate will be increased to 50 percent.a. On a single graph, draw the worker’s original budget line and her budget line under the negative income tax.b. Show that the worker will choose to work fewer hours if the negative income tax is a dopted.c. Will the worker’s utility be greater under the negative income tax?
Assume that workers whoses are less than $8000 currently pay no federal income taxes. Suppose a new government program guarantees each worker $4000, whether or not he or she earns any income. For all earned income up to $8000, the worker must pay a 50- percent tax. Draw the budget line facing the worker under this new program. Using the line drawing tool, draw the new budget line facing a worker whose wage is such that his or her pre-tax earned income is less than $8000. Label this line 'BC2'.
State whether the claim is true/false/uncertain and explain why. The explanation is the key part of your answer. Be sure to define any underlined terms as part of your answer. If diagrams help you to explain, use them. 7) A non-participant under a welfare system with a fixed payment and 100% taxback of any employment income may be induced to participate in the labour market by a negative income tax system (with the same amount of fixed payment). 8) Male labour supply elasticities are small because the income effect roughly offsets the substitution effect.
This question concerns rent subsidies. Suppose that under a rent subsidy the government will pay some specified proportion of the total rental price. Using an indifference map for "housing" (e.g. rooms of standard quality) and "all other commodities" analyze whether this approach to enhancing domestic welfare is more or less effective than granting income tax reductions equal in dollar amount to the amount of the rent subsidy? How do these compare to a lump sum $250 per month subsidy which must be applied toward rent or it is taken away?
Mustafa earns 72,000 TRY in a year. Assume that he has 8,000 TRY tax exemption. The following figure shows the marginal tax rates for different income intervals.a) Calculate total tax payments of Mustafa.b) Calculate average tax rate for Mustafa.
Consider an income guarantee program with an income guarantee of $5,000 and a benefit reduction rate of 40%. A person can work up to 2,000 hours per year at $10 per hour. a. Draw the person’s budget constraint with the income guarantee. b. Suppose that the income guarantee rises to $7,500 but with a 60% reduction rate. Draw the new budget constraint c. Which of these two income guarantee programs is more likely to discourage work? Explain. Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.
A worker earns £15 pounds an hour and chooses to work six hours a day. The worker has noother source of income. For the question below, assume that the worker has “standard” Cobb-Douglas preferences. When considering wage changes, assume that the “income effect”outweighs the “substitution effect”. (a) Write down the worker’s budget constraint and then represent the worker’schoice in a suitably labelled graph. (b) The government gives the worker £80, but taxes the worker’s wage, such thattheir take-home wage is £10. Model this policy in a suitably labelled graph. Isthe worker better off (in terms of utility) after this policy? Note –there are arange of correct answers for the worker’s new hours/income. Choose one thatis consistent with the information given in the question.
Using the discussion of pay-as-you-go social security programs. explain how to derive the result that when n>r, this type of program is welfare-improving for all generations
A worker receives a wage rate w and has L hours of leisure every day (the total endowment of hours is 24 hours per day). The government gives a subsidy of rate S of his income. The worker spends all his income. 1. Write a budget constraint of this individual and plot it. 2. Display graphically what is the optimal consumption-leisure choice for this worker. 3. Imagine that instead, the government imposes income tax at rate T . What is the new budget constraint? Display on the same picture. In the new optimum is the consumption higher? Explain the answer in terms of wealth and substitution effects.
Many economists believe that a more effective way to supplement the income of the poor is through a negative income tax. Under this scheme, everyone reports his or her income to the government; individuals and families earning a higher income will pay a tax based on that income, while low-income individuals and families receive a subsidy, or negative tax. Assume that the only qualification required to receive a tax credit is low income. Suppose the government uses the following equation to compute a family’s tax liability: Taxes Owed = (1/4 of Income)−$6,000 For each of the incomes listed in the following table, determine the tax liability for a family with that income level. (Note: If a family receives a subsidy because its income is too low, be sure to indicate the tax liability as negative.) Income Tax Liability (Dollars per year) (Dollars per year) 0 12,000 24,000 60,000 True or False: Any family with an annual income more than…