In the figure, block A (mass 1.8 kg) slides into block B (mass 2.6 kg), along a frictionless surface. The directions of velocities before and after the collision are indicated; the corresponding speeds are vAi = 5.5 m/s, vBi = 2.9 m/s, and vBf = 4.5 m/s. What is velocity vAf (including sign, where positive denotes motion to the right)?

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Newton’s Third Law of Motion

The horse pulls the cart and the cart pulls the horse in response as per Newton third law. So the big question is, “Don’t the two forces cancel each other? How does the cart accelerate?”