magine a glycogen molecule with 8000 glucose residues. If branches occur every eight residues, how many reducing ends does the molecule have? If branches occur every 12 residues, how many reducing ends does it have? How many nonreducing ends does it have in each of these cases?

Q: Proteoglycans are characterized by the abundance of negative charges on their sugar chains. How…

A: gels of polysaccharides and proteins that fill spaces

Q: What is wrong about calculating charge of a polypeptide based on the pKa of individual amino acids?…

A: The polypeptide chain is produced by the joining of amino acids together with the help of peptide…

Q: The following sattements are true for glycogen. EXCEPT:     Branching of α(1→6) linkages every…

A: Glycogen can be defined as a multibranched polysaccharide. It functions as a storehouse of energy in…

Q: An amylose chain is 5000 glucose units long. At how many places must it be cleaved to reduce the…

A: Amylose is a linear polysaccharide. It is made up of glucose residues attached by alpha-1,4…

Q: Using your best guess, what percentage of the protein is alpha helices? What about beta sheets?…

A: The branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC or BCKDH complex) is a multi-subunit…

Q: Which of the following will form an osazone crystal?*   A. Galactose only B. Mannose only C. Sucrose…

A: The Osazone test or phenyl hydrazine test is chemical reaction used to detect reducing sugars and…

Q: What organelle is associated with the N-glycosylation of the protein?

A: Answer : there are mainly two organelles associated with the N-glycosylation of the protein that are…

Q: Draw the Haworth projection of the following sugar molecules: D-galactose D-fructose D-mannose

A: A Haworth projection is a common way of writing a structural formula to represent the cyclic…

Q: In the structure in the picture, the monosaccharide units (alpha-D-galactopyranosyl and…

A: Glycolysis is the process of conversion of one molecule of glucose into two molecules of the…

Q: Match the following tripeptide with its given characteristic: contains sulfur? 1. Tyr-Lys-Met…

A: Amino acids are organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group, an amino group, a hydrogen atom and…

Q: Which of the following statements DO NOT describe the similarity between glycogen and amylopectin? O…

A: Glycogen and amylopectin are polysaccharides which are composed of glucose monomers. These glucose…

Q: Construct the following Carbohydrates: 4. Amylose- Alpha-D-Glucose(1-4) linked chain 5.…

A: Hi! Thanks for your question. As you have posted multiple questions and have not mentioned which…

Q: Why is B-D-Glucopyranose in a chair conformation form is the most stable form of glucose present in…

A: B-D-Glucopyranose is a form of D-glucose which is a hexose monosaccharide unit that consists of six…

Q: The following is a block diagram for a glycerophospholipid where the building blocks are labeled…

A: Phospholipid is an amphiphatic molecule constructed from four components: fatty acids, a platform…

Q: An amylose chain is 5000 glucose units long. At how many places must it be cleaved to reduce the…

A: Carbohydrates are one of the macromolecules that are essential for the human body. Carbohydrates are…

Q: When the “head and tail” structural model is applied to a glycerophospholipid, the two tails are

A: There are four types of biomolecules present in a cell, performing various functions. These are…

Q: Saccharide X, a sugar composed of repeating cellobiose and maltose, is a constituent of a…

A: Plants constitute a large number of carbohydrates. Glycobiology means the study of the…

Q: Why can the more complex sugar cellulose store more energy than the sugar glucose?

A: Biological molecules are chemical substances that occur in living organisms, and aid in performing…

Q: Which of the following is/are epimer/s of glucose?*   A. Galactose only B. Mannose only C. Fructose…

A: Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones, or compounds that can be hydrolyzed…

Q: is the structure glycerophospolipid or sphingophospolipid?

A: ANS: The sphingolipid  are complex lipid that contains an amino group attached with alcohol,…

Q: The amino acid tyrosine contains a phenolic R-group and has pKa values of 2.2, 9.0, and 10.2. A…

A: tyrosine or L-tyrosine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize…

Q: The O-linked glycoproteins of eukaryotes usually have their sugar chains attached to—     buried…

A: The process of O-linked glycosylation takes place in the post-translational modification process.  I…

Q: Which bond(s) in α-D-glucose must be broken tochange its configuration to  β-D-glucose? Which…

A: Alpha-D-Glucose, is alpha-dextrose or alpha-D-GLC. It belongs to the class of organic compounds. It…

Q: What metabolic structure is produced from the carbon atoms of each of the following amino acids?…

A: Metabolism of amino acids results in the removal of amino group and entry of the remaining carbon…

Q: A student decided that the configuration of the asymmetric centers in a sugar such as d-glucose…

A: Biomolecules are organic molecules that function inside living organisms. They are broken down to…

Q: (a) As the pH changes from 9.0 to 5.0, how does the concentration of H+ (protons) change?…

A: pH is a scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. Acidic solutions are…

Q: Draw out the structural formula of the oligopeptide, with the first amino acid as the N-terminus

A: Amine and carboxylic acid groups in amino acids are joined together, and forms chains of amino acids…

Q: Imagine a glycogen molecule with 7.43×10³ glucose residues. If branches occur every 10 residues, how…

A: Glycogen is a branched polymer of monomer units of α -glucose residues, which are linked by α (1→4)…

Q: Classify the following pairs according to their specific type of isomerism. Write your answer on the…

A: Carbohydrates are one of the major essential nutrients for our bodies. They are the major source of…

Q: Name the two different glycosidic linkages.  Are these the same linkages as those found in glycogen?

A: Hyaluronic acid is a non- sulfated glucosaminoglycan (GAG).

Q: Draw out the structural formula of the oligopeptide, with the first amino acid as the N-terminus.

A: 1. Protein primary source is linear sequence of amino acids in peptide or protein.  Primary…

Q: Is the statement "elongation is the process of introducing double bond in fatty acid", correct?

A: Fatty acid Elongation is the process in which  to make fatty acids longer than 16 carbons occurs in…

Q: The following are structural diagrams of a selection of newly discovered amino acids. OH HO C-OH CH3…

A: The α-Amino acids are molecules made of a central C-atom (the C alpha  carbon atom), that is bonded…

Q: Is the statement: "There is energy requirement for every amino acid added in a growing polypeptide…

A: Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. The synthesis of polypeptide chain occur during…

Q: Imagine a Glycogen molecule attached to Glycogenin with 8000 glucose residues.  If branches occur…

A: Glycogen is a homopolysaccharide composed of glucose units linked through α-(1-4) and α-(1-6)…

Q: The carbohydrate portion of some glycoproteins may serve as a cellular recognition site. To perform…

A: Oligosaccharides act as recognition site and this recognition site may vary from cell to cell. This…

Q: Give the three-letter and one-letter names of the amino acids in each oligopeptide starting from the…

A: Oligopeptides are peptide sequences that consist of 2 to 20 amino acids. Peptides are sequence of…

Q: All sugar residues are in their D-isomeric forms.  What kind of glycosidic linkage is between the…

A: Glycosidic bond forms between the two monosaccharide units through the dehydration reaction.

Q: All sugar residues are in their D-isomeric forms.  Is this trisaccharide a reducing sugar? Why or…

A: Reducing sugars are those which have free aldehyde or ketone group. Reducing sugars reduces ferric…

Q: Consider the Ramachandran plot to answer both questions. Which observation most likely describes…

A: The proteins are polypeptide chains of amino acids. These amino acids are packed into protein…

Q: Raffinose is a trisaccharide and a minor constituent in sugar beets. (a) Is raffinose a reducing…

A: Carbohydrates are the polyhydroxy aldehydes and ketones with the general formula Cx(H2O)y. The…

Q: Which lettered subunit is the nonreducing end? CHOH CHOH A CHOH CHOH -CH2 CHOH CH OH `CH он 3 CHOH…

A: Non reducing end of a polysaccharide can be defined as the end that do not possess any acetal or…

Q: What is the chemical difference between cellulose and chitin? Select one: a. Replacement of the…

A: Cellulose is a structural polymer in the plant cell walls while chitin is the main structural…

Q: Imagine a Glycogen molecule attached to Glycogenin with 8000 glucose residues. If branches occur…

A: Glycogen is the major storage form of carbohydrate in animals, found mostly in the liver and muscle.…

Q: Give an example of a reducing sugar and a non-reducing sugar. What is the chemical group responsible…

A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: Given below is a sequence of a polypeptide: AVLLRKIFWFDLAG The pKas of different groups/side chains…

A: The given polypeptide chain is Ala-Val-Leu-Leu-Arg-Lys-Iso-Phe-Trp-Phe-Asp-Leu-Ala-Gly

Q: How much energy is released upon the hydrolysis of ATP? What happens to this energy during…

A: The energy source of the cell is usually referred to as ATP. ATP hydrolysis by water is linked to…

Q: What is it about the structure of cellulose and starch would cause these two sugars to produce lower…

A: Carbohydrates are classified as monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides based on the…

Q: Draw the Fischer Projection, Haworth and Chair conformation for D-Glucose

A: Carbohydrate sugars are present in several forms. These conformations are either open in a chain…

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.