MatingSte12Tec1Budding17. (8 points) Scientists are studying the transcription factorsSte12 and Tec1. They have found that when ste12 binds toone part of the genome alone it activates the transcriptionof genes important in mating pheromones. They also foundthat when Tec1 binds to another part of the genome aloneit activates the transcription of cellular budding genes.Lastly, they found that in another part of the genome,Ste12 and Tec1 both bind to the DNA, they activate thetranscription of genes that control the formation of filaments.a) These proteins bind to enhancers. Is Ste12 and Tec1 activators or mediators? How doyou know?Filamentationb) Is this system an example of combinatorial control or coordinated control, both orneither? Explain your answer.sold ad bosow

Combinatorial control is a regulatory mechanism in gene expression where multiple transcription…

Answered: Mating Ste12 Tec1 Budding 17. (8…

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

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Chapter16: Regulation Of Gene Expression

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6TYK

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Each year in the United States, there are over 230,000 newcases of prostate cancer and almost 28,000 deaths. A 3.8-Mbregion on chromosome 8 (8q24), called a gene desert, has genes but contains enhancer sequences that potentiallyconfer significant risks for prostate cancer. One particular enhancerallele, which is known to be associated with an elevated risk forprostate cancer, physically interacts with the promoter region ofthe nearby MYC gene and facilitates its upregulation. Overexpressionof MYC, which encodes a cell-cycle regulatory protein, isobserved in multiple types of cancer (see Chapter 24). The riskallele has a frequency of 49 percent in men of European descentand 81 percent in men of African ancestry. Most of the differentialMYC activity associated with the risk allele occurs during prenataldevelopment, raising the possibility that testing for this alleleearly in life can be used to identify those in the African-Americanpopulation who are at very high risk for prostate…
Cells go to great length to correctmistakes in the processes of DNAreplication, transcription, splicing,and translation. Are there analogousstrategies to correct mistakes in theselection of which genes are to beexpressed in a given cell type? Couldthe great complexity of transcriptioninitiation in animals and plants reflectsuch a strategy?
The a/a operon is an inducible operon that controls the production of the sugar arabinose. When arabinose is present in a bacterium it binds to the protein AraC, and the complex binds to the initiator site to promote transcription. In this scenario, AraC is a(n). activator inducer repressor operator
Discuss Concepts In a mutant strain of E. coli, the CAP protein is unable to combine with its target region of the lac operon. How would you expect the mutation to affect transcription when cells of this strain are subjected to the following conditions? Lactose and glucose are both available. Lactose is available but glucose is not. Both lactose and glucose are unavailable.
How do enhancers and promoters differ? Enhancers bind transcription factors to silence gene expression, while promoters activate transcription Enhancers increase the efficiency of gene expression, but are not essential for transcription. Promoter recognition is essential to transcription initiation. Promoters bind transcription factors to increase the efficiency of transcription. Enhancers bind RNA polymerases to initiate transcription. There is no difference. Both are transcription factor-binding sequences in DNA.
How does NF-kB induce gene expression? A small, hydrophobic ligand binds to NF-kB, activating it. Phosphorylation of the inhibitor Ik-B dissociates the complex between it and NF- kB, and allows NF-kB to enter the nucleus and stimulate transcription. NF-kB is phosphorylated and is then free to enter the nucleus and bind DNA. NF-kB is a kinase that phosphorylates a transcription factor that binds DNA and promotes protein production.
IPSCs are nearly identical to human embryonic stem cells in terms of gene expression, but there may be other ways in which they are not equivalent. For example, the telomeres of IPSCs often vary in length, with many IPSCs cells having telomeres shorter than those of embryonic. How might shortened telomeres affect the life-span of IPSCs or of differentiated cells derived from them?
For each of the terms in the left column, choose thebest matching phrase in the right column.a. basal factors 1. organizes enhancer/promoter interactionsb. repressors 2. pattern of expressiondepends on which parenttransmitted the allelec. CpG 3. activates gene transcriptiontemporal- and tissue-specificallyd. imprinting 4. site of DNA methylatione. miRNA 5. identifies DNA-binding sitesof transcription factorsf. coactivators 6. bind to enhancersg. epigenetic effect 7. bind to promotersh. insulator 8. bind to activatorsi. enhancer 9. prevents or reduces geneexpression posttranscriptionallyj. ChIP-Seq 10. heritable change in geneexpression not caused byDNA sequence mutation
Plz do explain.Thanks Question:- Many types of breast cancer have chromosomal translocation mutations. What scenario best describes, what occurs during this type of mutation, causing cells to proliferate abnormally? Chromosomal translocations may place the gene downstream near the promoter region, therefore causing over-expression of the gene The gene may be placed in the transcription start site, downstream of the gene, initiating transcription by recruiting polymerase II Translocation mutations will initiate the transcription of mRNA in the cytoplasm of the cell catalyzing protein synthesis. Chromosomal translocations can sometimes place a gene under the control of a powerful enhancer, upstream.
The TBX20 transcription factor is important for the developmentof heart tissue. Deletion of the Tbx20 gene in mice results in poorheart development and the death of mice well before birth. Tobetter understand how TBX20 regulates heart development ata genetic level, Sakabe et al. (2012. Hum. Mol. Genet. 21:2194–2204) performed a transcriptome analysis in which they comparedthe levels of all mRNAs between heart cells from wild-typemice and mice with Tbx20 deleted. This study concluded that TBX20 acts as an activator ofsome genes but a repressor of other genes in cardiac tissue.How might a single transcription factor have oppositeeffects on the transcription of different genes?
How does the 4 feature of transcription factors namely the structural motifs of DNA binding protein, activation domains, multiple transcription factors and enhancers help in the design of a building block tool. U can use the SrY gene as ur building block tool. Pls explain in details using those features of the transcription factors. In 400 words
12. a. You want to create a genetic construct that will express GFP in Drosophila. In addition to the GFPcoding sequence, what DNA element(s) must youinclude in order to express this protein in flies if theconstruct were integrated into the Drosophila genome? Where should such DNA element(s) be located? How would you ensure that GFP is expressedonly in certain tissues of the fly, such as the wing?b. Suppose you insert the GFP coding region plus allof the DNA elements required by the answer to part(a)—except the enhancer—between inverted repeatsfound at the ends of a particular transposable element.Because all of the DNA sequences located betweenthese inverted repeats can move from place to placein the Drosophila genome, you can generate manydifferent fly strains, each with the construct integrated at a different genomic location. You now examine animals from each strain for GFPfluorescence. Animals from different strains showdifferent patterns: some glow green in the eyes,others in…

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