me astigmatism and non-red hair are produced by a different pair of completely dominan genes. Hence, astigmatic persons whose hair is not red are A-B- How often in families of four children where the parents are both heterozygous for astigmatism and heterozYgous for hon red hair would you expet 2 astigmatic red haired girls and 2 non astigmatic brown haired boys?
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- In humans, one of the genes determining color vision islocated on the X chromosome. The dominant form (C )produces normal color vision; red-green color deficiency(c) is recessive. If a man with normal color visionmarries a color-deficient woman, what is the probabilityof them having a color-deficient son? A color-deficientdaughter?In humans, widow's peak (H) is dominant over a continuous hairline (h), and short fingers (F) are dominant over long fingers (f). Two heterozygous individuals with widow's peak and short fingers want to have a child with continuous hairline and long fingers. Is this possible?In humans, failure to synthesize melanin leads to a condition called albinism. This is a recessive condition. If parents heterozygous (Nn) for normal skin pigmentation give rise to 4 offspring, what is the probability that: a. they will have an albino child? b. the second child is albino? c. they will have all boys with normal pigmentation? d. they will have ONE albino child, no matter the order.
- Galactosemia is a recessive human disease that istreatable by restricting lactose and glucose in the diet.Susan Smithers and her husband are both heterozygous for the galactosemia gene.a. Susan is pregnant with twins. If she hasfraternal (nonidentical) twins, what is theprobability both of the twins will be girls whohave galactosemia?b. If the twins are identical, what is the probabilitythat both will be girls and have galactosemia?For parts (c–g), assume that none of the children isa twin.c. If Susan and her husband have four children, whatis the probability that none of the four will havegalactosemia?d. If the couple has four children, what is the probability that at least one child will have galactosemia?e. If the couple has four children, what is the probability that the first two will have galactosemia andthe second two will not?f. If the couple has three children, what is the probability that two of the children will have galactosemia and one will not, regardless of order?g. If…A man who is an achondroplastic dwarf with normal vision marries a color-blind woman of normal height. The man's father was 6 feet tall, and both the woman's parents were of average height. Achondroplastic dwarfism is autosomal dominant, and red-green color blindness is X-linked recessive. a) How many of their daughters might be expected to be color-blind dwarfs? b)What proportion of their sons would be color-blind and of normal height? c)They have a daughter who is a dwarf with normal color vision. What is the probability that she is heterozygous for both genes?Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a recessive disorder caused by a rare,loss-of-function allele that is located on the X chromosome in humans. Anunaffected woman (i.e., without disease symptoms) who is heterozygousfor the X-linked allele causing Duchenne muscular dystrophy has childrenwith a man with a functional (non-disease-causing) allele. What is theprobability that this couple will have an unaffected son?
- Cystic fibrosis is a recessive human condition. A male with Cystic fibrosis and a woman with a dominant phenotype have sevral children, in which one displays Cystic fibrosis. What can you conclude about the genotype of the maternal parent and what is the probability that a child who does not display Cystic fibrosis is heterozygous?Table shows that Turner syndrome occurs when an individualinherits one X chromosome but lacks a second sex chromosome.Can Turner syndrome be due to nondisjunction duringoogenesis, spermatogenesis, or both? If a phenotypically normalcouple has a color-blind child (due to a recessive X-linkedallele) with Turner syndrome, did nondisjunction occur duringoogenesis or spermatogenesis in this child’s parents? Explainyour answer.Polydactylism (extra digits) is due to a dominant autosomal allele, what is the likelihood that a couple with the normal number of digits have a son with polydactylism? Flower color in snapdragons is due to a gene with incomplete dominance: CRCR plants have red flowers, CRCW have pink flowers, and CWCW plants have white flowers. Which cross is expected to yield progeny that all have pink flowers? A couple is expressing a child, the man has hemophilia (a sex-linked blood disorder due to a recessive allele) and the woman is a carrier for this disorder. If they have a daughter, what is the likelihood that she will inherit hemophilia?
- In humans, curly hair (HH) is incompletely dominant over straight hair (hh), so heterozygous individuals hav wavy hair (Hh). William and Kate both have a wavy hair. What is the possibility that their first child wil have a curly hair?In humans, color vision depends on genes encodingthree pigments. The R (red pigment) and G (green pigment) genes are close together on the X chromosome,whereas the B (blue pigment) gene is autosomal. A recessive mutation in any one of these genes can cause colorblindness. Suppose that a color-blind man married awoman with normal color vision. The four sons from thismarriage were color-blind, and the five daughters werenormal. Specify the most likely genotypes of both parents and their children, explaining your reasoning. (Apedigree drawing will probably be helpful.) (Problem 50is by Rosemary Redfield.)a. The ability to taste the chemical phenylthiocarbamideis an autosomal dominant phenotype, and the inabilityto taste it is recessive. If a taster woman with a nontasterfather marries a taster man who in a previous marriagehad a nontaster daughter, what is the probability thattheir first child will be(1) A nontaster girl(2) A taster girl(3) A taster boyb. What is the probability that their first two childrenwill be tasters of either sex?