mitosis meiosis prophase prometaphase metaphase anaphase telophase ||| eukaryotic cell division used for growth and repair and maintenance a chromosome and its copy two nuclei form around separated daughter chromosomes inside a single cell spindle fibers attach to kinetochores located on either side of the centromere holding together sister chromatids tethered chromosomes align at the center of the cell sister chromatids are separated and pulled back to either side of a cell the nuclear membrane dissolves as chromosomes condense and spindle fibers begin forming cell divides in half
Structure and Composition of Cell Membrane
Despite differences in structure and function, all living cells in multicellular organisms are surrounded by a cell membrane. Just like the outer layer of the skin separates the body from its environment similarly, the cell membrane, also known as 'plasma membrane,' separates the inner content from its exterior environment.
Cell Membrane
The cell membrane is known by different names like plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, or biological membrane. The term "cell membrane" was first introduced by C. Nageli and C. Cramer in the year 1855. Later on, in 1931, the term "plasmalemma" for cell membrane was given by J. Plowe. The cell membrane separates the cell's internal environment from the extracellular space. This separation allows the protection of cells from their environment.
Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
The cell is defined as the basic structural and functional unit of life. The cell membrane bounds it. It is capable of independent existence.
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Cell division are of two types : mitosis and meiosis.
A cell copies all of its components, including its chromosomes, and separates to generate two identical daughter cells during mitosis.
Meiosis, the second type of cell division, ensures that humans have the same number of chromosomes from generation to generation. It is a two-step procedure that decreases the number of chromosomes by half—from 46 to 23—in order to generate sperm and egg cells.
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