Natural waters often contains relatively high levels of calcium ion, Ca2+, and hydrogen carbonate ion (bicarbonate), HCO3, from the leaching of minerals into the water. When such water is used commercially or in the home, heating of the water leads to the formation of solid calcium carbonate, CaCO3, which forms a deposit ('scale') on the interior of boilers, pipes, and other plumbing fixtures. Ca(HCO3)2(aq) --> CaCO3(s) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) If a sample of well water contains 2.0 X 10-3 mg of Ca(HCO3)2 per milliliter, what mass of CaCo3 scale would 1.0ml of this water be capable of depositing?
Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry can be considered as a branch of thermodynamics that deals with the connections between warmth, work, and various types of energy, formed because of different synthetic and actual cycles. Thermochemistry describes the energy changes that occur as a result of reactions or chemical changes in a substance.
Exergonic Reaction
The term exergonic is derived from the Greek word in which ‘ergon’ means work and exergonic means ‘work outside’. Exergonic reactions releases work energy. Exergonic reactions are different from exothermic reactions, the one that releases only heat energy during the course of the reaction. So, exothermic reaction is one type of exergonic reaction. Exergonic reaction releases work energy in different forms like heat, light or sound. For example, a glow stick releases light making that an exergonic reaction and not an exothermic reaction since no heat is released. Even endothermic reactions at very high temperature are exergonic.
Natural waters often contains relatively high levels of calcium ion, Ca2+, and hydrogen carbonate ion (bicarbonate), HCO3, from the leaching of minerals into the water. When such water is used commercially or in the home, heating of the water leads to the formation of solid calcium carbonate, CaCO3, which forms a deposit ('scale') on the interior of boilers, pipes, and other plumbing fixtures.
Ca(HCO3)2(aq) --> CaCO3(s) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
If a sample of well water contains 2.0 X 10-3 mg of Ca(HCO3)2 per milliliter, what mass of CaCo3 scale would 1.0ml of this water be capable of depositing?
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