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Q: 2. Based on biochemical and physiological mechanisms, how can you explain impaired brain development…

A: Uncontrolled Phenylketonuria (PKU) impairs brain development. This answer discusses the biochemical…

Q: .) Match the statement with the enzyme. Each blank may have one or more enzymes or none (leave…

A: Lactate dehydrogenase carries out interconversion of pyruvate and lactate along with NADH and NAD+.…

Q: They want to insert a small sequence into the gene which will be read in the same frame, so that it…

A: The expression of a protein occurs in two steps. Transcription: The gene is transcribed by RNA…

Q: What inducible nitric oxide synthase do in the respiratory burst?

A: Respiratory burst is a phase that involves rapid release of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) by immune…

Q: What is the biological function of the Horse pancreatic lipase- Equus Caballus How does the…

A: A protein's biological function depends on its three-dimensional structure. The 3D structure is…

Q: Consider the 20 standard amino acids and their structures. Choose a set of 6 amino acids that you…

A: Amino acids are biomolecules that have an amino group and a carboxyl group linked to the same carbon…

Q: 15.18) Determine whether the following statements describe insulin, glucagon, or both insulin and…

A: Glycogenolysis is the breakdown of glycogen, a complex carbohydrate that is stored in the liver and…

Q: Explain the purpose of the glycerol 3 phosphate shuttle (Don’t worry about the mechanism, just the…

A: Oxidation of glucose molecule can happen in two ways: aerobic or anaerobic. Both of these processes…

Q: Describe the role of mitochondria in initiating apoptosis?   Please answer the question according…

A: Often called the powerhouse of the cell, mitochondria are a double-membraned cell organelle found in…

Q: 5.13) The NADH that is produced by glycolysis is not able to pass through the inner mitochondrial…

A: Oxidative phosphorylation is a process of ATP synthesis that occurs in the mitochondria. It involves…

Q: 7-107 What effect does insulin have on glycogen metabolism?

A: Insulin stimulates the uptake of glucose into cells, primarily in liver and muscle tissues. Once…

Q: Question 3 Explain the steps of lipid (fat) digestion in the small intestine (explain the…

A: Simple fats or Fat are triglycerides. Triglycerides or triacylglycerols are fatty acid esters of…

Q: Below are three case scenarios. For each scenario determine: 1. Most likely enzyme deficiency and…

A: These three case studies illustrate various illnesses connected to the metabolism of amino acids. We…

Q: Consider the following laboratory results from three adult patients (Case Study Table 16.4.1): CASE…

A: Parathyroid hormone helps regulate serum calcium levels. Low levels of calcium trigger the release…

Q: Compared to the other proteins in the rat kidney, what characteristics (quantity and charge) of the…

A: Formation of the peptide bond neutralises any charge due carboxyl/amino group, therefore the net…

Q: Can you give me more expalination of Oxidation Deamination formation of -ketoglutaric acid and NH4+…

A: Oxidative deamination is a biochemical reaction that involves the removal of an amino group from an…

Q: Using the graph data I estimated Slope = 2.8, about the same as the steeper part of the maternal…

A: Hemoglobin (Hb) is composed of 4 polypeptide chains. Adult Hb has 2 alpha chains and 2 beta chains…

Q: In this question, you need to discuss the results you obtained from the BSA standards to generate…

A: The BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) assay is used to spectrophotometrically find the concentration of…

Q: Complex 4 of the electron transport chain pumps 4 protons for every 4 molecules of cytochrome C that…

A: Cytochrome C oxidase or Complex IV is a multi-subunit molecule. It takes electrons from cytochrome C…

Q: 15.23) Explain the difference between ketogenesis and ketoacidosis.

A: Ketogenesis is a metabolic process that involves the breakdown of fatty acids and certain ketogenic…

Q: Protein has multiple functions in the body. The function of a protein is Match the structural…

A: Proteins are high molecular weight compounds that serve diverse functional roles within the cell.…

Q: Indicate the following for each disaccharide: I) type of glycosidic linkage i.e. a(14) II)…

A: Understanding the characteristics and activities of carbohydrates depends on the measurement of the…

Q: Which three foods (from the table above) could each be eaten with rice as a complementary protein?

A: We are asked to come up with 3 complementary protein diets and the condition is that one of the food…

Q: List the attractive interactions involved in secondary, tertiary, and quaternary protein structure.

A: The amino acid sequence of the peptide/polypeptide determine the three dimensional structure that…

Q: write a summary equation for the conversion of glucose to pyruvate

A: Glycolysis is the collection of 10 enzymatically catalysed reactions that sequentially oxidises a 1…

Q: 14.23) All forms of life can have their cells invaded by viruses. When viruses take over plant or…

A: Viruses are small infectious agents that can only replicate inside living host cells. They have a…

Q: A steady stream of recent research has confirmed the role of which gene in the development of…

A: A person suffering from Schizophrenia sees hallucinations and delusions. Although the exact reason…

Q: The three irriversible reactions in glycosis is :  Hexoknase, PFK-1 and Pryvate kinases. they are…

A: Glycolysis is the cellular metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate. The glycolytic…

Q: What is biosynthesis?

A: Many biological activities, such as metabolism, growth, and development, rely on biosynthesis.…

Q: What protecting groups in solid-phase peptide synthesis NOT do? a)Activate the carboxlic acid to…

A: Protecting groups are transient changes of functional groups on the amino acids utilized to…

Q: Shown below is the response of a regulatory motif to a signal S. What does the response show…

A: The signal is provided here in a step-wise manner. Look at the green part of the graph. The signal…

Q: rate of transport Vmax 1/2Vmax transporter-me ted diffusion Km simple diffusion concentration of…

A: Diffusion across a membrane is the process by which a substance moves from a region of higher…

Q: Oxidation of one molecule of NADH by the ETC result in transport of 10 protons across the membrane.…

A: According to the binding change mechanism of ATP synthesis, protons in the intermembrane space (IMS)…

Q: Define: simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, primary active transport, secondary active…

A: simple diffusion: Nonpolar molecules move across concentration gradient (downhill process) in an…

Q: Match the correct answers in column A with column B + Prepare the protein samples with SDS sample…

A: Gel electrophoresis adds another layer to electrophoresis that allows the separation of charged…

Q: do the ion channels located on all the memberanes, plasma memberane and cell memberane?

A: As per the fluid mosaic model, a cell membrane is a lipid bilayer with proteins embedded in it. The…

Q: Provide the mechanism by which the hormone glucagon can regulate glycogen breakdown in the liver.…

A: Glucagon regulates glycogen breakdown and the fate of the reaction products in the following ways:-…

Q: draw pathway for complete catabolism of myristate, label enzyme that facilitate the reaction

A: Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with a hydrocarbon chain ranging from 4 carbon to 36 carbons.…

Q: ou are given a drink that has been sweetened with either maltose or sucrose. Using the following…

A: The Somogyi-Nelson test is a quantitative test used for the estimation of reducing sugar in the…

Q: Explain the difference between ketogenesis and ketoacidosis.

A: Ketogenesis is a metabolic process that involves the breakdown of fatty acids and certain ketogenic…

Q: Calculate the ΔG° for the making of 30 ATP from 30 ADP  ATP + H2O ↔ ADP + Pi ∆G°’ = –30.5 kJ/mol…

A: If the change in standard Gibbs free energy (∆G0') of a forward reaction is 'x' , then the ∆G0' of…

Q: Select the correct statement. Upon digestion, fatty O amino acids O acetone O acetyl COA O…

A: The four types of biological macromolecules are proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids.…

Q: Some enzymes can be regulated by covalent modification, in which a group is covalently bonded to an…

A: Phosphorylation is a type of covalent modification where a phosphate group is added to either the…

Q: Mutations can be classified as small-scale or large-scale, depending on the number of nucleotides…

A: a) change from CCGATG to CCGGATGThe sequence is altered from CCGATG to CCGGATG by the insertion of…

Q: n DNA doubvle digestion, why is thermal inactivation required

A: Thermal inactivation is an important step in DNA double digestion research. DNA double digestion…

Q: Role of the triacyl glycerol cycle. Summarize the cycle referring to the figure. What role does the…

A: Triacyclglycerol is a glycerol molecule esterified at its three hydroxyl groups by 3 fatty acid…

Q: 4. Consider the following sequence of nine amino acid residues taken from a larger polypeptide chain…

A: We know that the polypeptide chain has a N-terminal and a C-terminal. The N-terminal is a free…

Q: An uncatalyzed reaction progresses at a rate of 20micromoles per minute while the same reaction in…

A: Proteins that function as catalysts in biological reactions are known as enzymes. They speed up…

Q: Complete the following description of the mechanism of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by using…

A: Two pyruvate molecules are produced during the glycolysis of one glucose molecule. The multi-enzyme…

Q: Describe the tertiary (3º) structure of proteins and the different types of intermolecular forces…

A: As per the central dogma of molecular biology, DNA contains the information needed to synthesize…