On January 2, 2019, Whistler Company purchased land for $480,000, from which it is estimated that 410,000 tons of ore could be extracted. It estimates that the present value of the cost necessary to restore the land is $56,000, after which it could be sold for $29,000. During 2019, Whistler mined 80,000 tons and sold 68,000 tons. During 2020, Whistler mined 110,000 tons and sold 99,000 tons. At the beginning of 2021, Whistler spent an additional $110,000, which increased the reserves by 70,000 tons. In 2021, Whistler mined 154,000 tons and sold 164,000 tons. Whistler uses a FIFO cost flow assumption.
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- Comprehensive: Acquisition, Subsequent Expenditures, and Depreciation On January 2, 2019, Lapar Corporation purchased a machine for 50,000. Lapar paid shipping expenses of 500, as well as installation costs of 1,200. The company estimated that the machine would have a useful life of 10 years and a residual value of 3,000. On January 1, 2020, Lapar made additions costing 3,600 to the machine in order to comply with pollution-control ordinances. These additions neither prolonged the life of the machine nor increased the residual value. Required: 1. If Lapar records depreciation expense under the straight-line method, how much is the depreciation expense for 2020? 2. Assume Lapar determines the machine has three significant components as shown below. If Lapar uses IFRS, what is the amount of depreciation expense that would be recorded?Hathaway Company purchased a copying machine for 8,700 on October 1, 2019. The machines residual value was 500 and its expected service life was 5 years. Hathaway computes depreciation expense to the nearest whole month. Required: 1. Compute depredation expense (rounded to the nearest dollar) for 2019 and 2020 using the: a. straight-line method b. sum-of-the-years-digits method c. double-declining-balance method 2. Next Level Which method produces the highest book value at the end of 2020? 3. Next Level Which method produces the highest charge to income in 2020? 4. Next Level Over the life of the asset, which method produces the greatest amount of depreciation expense?On May 10, 2019, Horan Company purchased equipment for 25,000. The equipment has an estimated service life of 5 years and zero residual value. Assume that the straight-line depreciation method is used. Required: Compute the depreciation expense for 2019 for each of the following four alternatives: 1. Horan computes depreciation expense to the nearest day. (Use 12 months of 30 days each and round the daily depreciation rate to 2 decimal places.) 2. Horan computes depreciation expense to the nearest month. Assets purchased in the first half of the month are considered owned for the whole month. 3. Horan computes depreciation expense to the nearest whole year. Assets purchased in the first half of the year are considered owned for the whole year. 4. Horan records one-half years depreciation expense on all assets purchased during the year.
- On July 1, 2018, Mundo Corporation purchased factory equipment for 50,000. Residual value was estimated at 2,000. The equipment will be depreciated over 10 years using the double-declining balance method. Counting the year of acquisition as one-half year, Mundo should record 2019 depredation expense of: a. 7,680 b. 9,000 c. 9,600 d. 10,000Gray Companys financial statements showed income before income taxes of 4,030,000 for the year ended December 31, 2020, and 3,330,000 for the year ended December 31, 2019. Additional information is as follows: Capital expenditures were 2,800,000 in 2020 and 4,000,000 in 2019. Included in the 2020 capital expenditures is equipment purchased for 1,000,000 on January 1, 2020, with no salvage value. Gray used straight-line depreciation based on a 10-year estimated life in its financial statements. As a result of additional information now available, it is estimated that this equipment should have only an 8-year life. Gray made an error in its financial statements that should be regarded as material. A payment of 180,000 was made in January 2020 and charged to expense in 2020 for insurance premiums applicable to policies commencing and expiring in 2019. No liability had been recorded for this item at December 31, 2019. The allowance for doubtful accounts reflected in Grays financial statements was 7,000 at December 31, 2020, and 97,000 at December 31, 2019. During 2020, 90,000 of uncollectible receivables were written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts. In 2019, the provision for doubtful accounts was based on a percentage of net sales. The 2020 provision has not yet been recorded. Net sales were 58,500,000 for the year ended December 31, 2020, and 49,230,000 for the year ended December 31, 2019. Based on the latest available facts, the 2020 provision for doubtful accounts is estimated to be 0.2% of net sales. A review of the estimated warranty liability at December 31, 2020, which is included in other liabilities in Grays financial statements, has disclosed that this estimated liability should be increased 170,000. Gray has two large blast furnaces that it uses in its manufacturing process. These furnaces must be periodically relined. Furnace A was relined in January 2014 at a cost of 230,000 and in January 2019 at a cost of 280,000. Furnace B was relined for the first time in January 2020 at a cost of 300,000. In Grays financial statements, these costs were expensed as incurred. Since a relining will last for 5 years, Grays management feels it would be preferable to capitalize and depreciate the cost of the relining over the productive life of the relining. Gray has decided to nuke a change in accounting principle from expensing relining costs as incurred to capitalizing them and depreciating them over their productive life on a straight-line basis with a full years depreciation in the year of relining. This change meets the requirements for a change in accounting principle under GAAP. Required: 1. For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, prepare a worksheet reconciling income before income taxes as given previously with income before income taxes as adjusted for the preceding additional information. Show supporting computations in good form. Ignore income taxes and deferred tax considerations in your answer. The worksheet should have the following format: 2. As of January 1, 2020, compute the retrospective adjustment of retained earnings for the change in accounting principle from expensing to capitalizing relining costs. Ignore income taxes and deferred tax considerations in your answer.Expenditures After Acquisition Roanoke Manufacturing placed a robotic arm on a large assembly machine on January 1, 2019. At that time, the assembly machine was expected to last another 3 years. The following information is available concerning the assembly machine. The robotic arm cost $225,000 and was expected to extend the useful life of the machine by 3 years. Therefore, the useful life of the assembly machine, after the arm replacement, is 6 years. The assembly machine is expected to have a residual value of $120,000 at the end of its useful life. Required: 1. Prepare the journal entry necessary to record the addition of the robotic arm. 2. Compute 2019 depreciation expense for the machine using the straight-line method, and prepare the necessary journal entry. 3. What is the book value of the machine at the end of 2019? 4. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION What would have been the effect on the financial statements if Roanoke had expensed the addition of the robotic arm?
- Hunter Company purchased a light truck on January 2, 2019 for 18,000. The truck, which will be used for deliveries, has the following characteristics: Estimated life: 5 years Estimated residual value: 3,000 Depreciation method for financial statements: straight-line method Depreciation for income tax purposes: MACRS (3-year life) From 2019 through 2023, each year, Hunter had sales of 100,000, cost of goods sold of 60,000, and operating expenses (excluding depreciation) of 15,000. The truck was disposed of on December 31, 2023, for 2,000. Required: 1. Prepare an income statement for financial reporting through pretax accounting income for each of the 5 years, 2019 through 2023. 2. Prepare, instead, an income statement for income tax purposes through taxable income for each of the 5 years, 2019 through 2023. 3. Compare the total income for all 5 years under Requirements 1 and 2.Revision of Depreciation On January 1, 2017, Blizzards-R-Us purchased a snow-blowing machine for $125,000. The machine was expected to have a residual value of $12,000 at the end of its 5-year useful life. On January 1, 2019, Blizzards-R-Us concluded that the machine would have a remaining useful life of 6 years with a residual value of $3,600. Required: 1. Determine the revised annual depreciation expense for 2019 using the straight-line method. 2. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION How does the revision in depreciation affect the Blizzards-R-Us financial statements?Depreciation Methods On January 1, 2019, Loeffler Company acquired a machine at a cost of $200,000. Loeffler estimates that it will use the machine for 4 years or 8,000 machine hours. It estimates that after 4 years the machine can be sold for $20,000. Loeffler uses the machine for 2,100 and 1,800 machine hours in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Required: Compute depreciation expense for 2019 and 2020 using the (1) straight-line, (2) double-declining-balance, and (3) units-of-production methods of depreciation.