Prostaglandins are a class of cicosanoids, fatty acid derivatives with a variety of extremely potent actions on vertebrate tissues.They are responsible for producing fever and inflammation and its associated pain. Prostaglandins are derived from the 20-carbon fatty acid arachidonic acid in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. This enzyme, acyclooxygenase, uses oxygen to convert arachidonic acid to PGG2, the immediate precursor of many different prostaglandins.Rate of formation of PGG2 with 10 mg/mlibuprofen (mM/min)Arachidonicacid (mM)Rate of formationof PGG2 (mM/min)0.19012.30.22813.90.34217.50.5701.3322.228.87.718.8811.916.324.0The kinetic data given in the table are for the reaction catalyzed by a mutant of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase. Focusinghere on the first two columns, determine the Vmax and Km of the enzyme.Vmax =KmmM/minmM

Vmax is the maximum rate of reaction, which can be found by looking at the highest rate of formation…

Answered: Prostaglandins are a class of…

Organic Chemistry

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305580350

Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote

Publisher:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote

Chapter18: Functional Derivatives Of Carboxylic Acids

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 18.69P

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

(S)-Glutamic acid is one of the 20 amino acid building blocks of polypeptides and proteins (Chapter 27). Propose a mechanism for the following conversion.
Ethyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring.It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) Given 8.50 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100%yield? Express your answer in grams to three significant figures.
Ethyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring.It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) a) Given 7.70 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100% yield? b) A chemist ran the reaction and obtained 5.25 g of ethyl butyrate. What was the percent yield? c) The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0% yield. How many grams would be produced from 7.70 g of butanoic acid and excess ethanol?
The flavors and aromas of almost any fruit are primarily due to esters. In an experiment, an artificial fruit flavor is prepared using the Fischer esterification (reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid in the presence of sulfuric acid catalyst). Why is it easier to remove excess carboxylic acid from the product than excess alcohol?
Aspartame, the sweetener used in the commercial products NutraSweet and Equal, is 200 times sweeter than sucrose. What products will be obtained ifaspartame is hydrolyzed completely in an aqueous solution of HCl?
In an experiment, triphenylmethanol is prepared using the Grignard reaction. The Grignard reaction involves preparation and reaction of a very nucleophilic organo-magnesium compound. The Grignard reagent is very reactive and is easily destroyed by reaction with atmospheric water, oxygen, or carbon dioxide. The Grignard reagent must be prepared under strict anhydrous conditions (dry glassware, dry solvent). The volative solvent, diethyl ether, helps to prevent oxygen or carbon dioxide from entering the reaction vessel. Reaction of bromobenzene with magnesium in ether produces phenylmagnesium bromide. This Grignard reagent then reacts with methyl benzoate to produce the corresponding alkoxide. Reaction of the alkoxide with aqueous acid then produces the alcohol. Why does pressure develop when the separatory funnel containing aqueous sulfuric acid and the ethereal solution of organic products is shaken?
In an experiment, triphenylmethanol is prepared using the Grignard reaction. The Grignard reaction involves preparation and reaction of a very nucleophilic organo-magnesium compound. The Grignard reagent is very reactive and is easily destroyed by reaction with atmospheric water, oxygen, or carbon dioxide. The Grignard reagent must be prepared under strict anhydrous conditions (dry glassware, dry solvent). The volative solvent, diethyl ether, helps to prevent oxygen or carbon dioxide from entering the reaction vessel. Reaction of bromobenzene with magnesium in ether produces phenylmagnesium bromide. This Grignard reagent then reacts with methyl benzoate to produce the corresponding alkoxide. Reaction of the alkoxide with aqueous acid then produces the alcohol. Why is it unwise to begin addition of the solution of carbonyl compound to the Grignard reagent before the latter has cooled to room temperature?
In an experiment, triphenylmethanol is prepared using the Grignard reaction. The Grignard reaction involves preparation and reaction of a very nucleophilic organo-magnesium compound. The Grignard reagent is very reactive and is easily destroyed by reaction with atmospheric water, oxygen, or carbon dioxide. The Grignard reagent must be prepared under strict anhydrous conditions (dry glassware, dry solvent). The volative solvent, diethyl ether, helps to prevent oxygen or carbon dioxide from entering the reaction vessel. Reaction of bromobenzene with magnesium in ether produces phenylmagnesium bromide. This Grignard reagent then reacts with methyl benzoate to produce the corresponding alkoxide. Reaction of the alkoxide with aqueous acid then produces the alcohol. Ethanol is often present in the technical grade of diethyl ether. If this grade rather than anhydrous were used, what effect, if any, would the ethanol have on the formation of the Grignard reagent? Explain.
Describe the reaction where benzil is prepared by the oxidation of an a-hydroxyketone, benzoin and uses nitric acid to preform oxidation.
Aspirin is an anti-inflammatory agent because it inhibits the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins by the transfer of its acetyl group (CH3CO−) to an OH group at the active site of an enzyme. This reaction, called transesterification, results in the conversion of one ester to another by a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction. Draw a stepwise mechanism for the given transesterification.
Synthesising menthone is an exothermic process that includes a reflux procedure. Mark the correct statements. * A- The reflux process enables us to transfers energy to the reaction mixture for an extended period of time without loss of solvent or reagents. B- The reflux process increases the rate of the oxidation of menthol. C- The reflux process increases the yield of the oxidation of menthol. D- A water bath can be used in the preparation of menthone because the boiling point of the reaction mixture is below 100°C due to the inclusion of acetone in this mixture.
Aspartame, the sweetener used in the commercial products NutraSweet and Equal, is 200 times sweeter than sucrose. What products will be obtained if aspartame is hydrolyzed completely in an aqueous solution of HCl?

SEE MORE QUESTIONS

Recommended textbooks for you

Organic Chemistry

Chemistry

ISBN:

9781305580350

Author:

William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Organic Chemistry

Chemistry

ISBN:

9781305080485

Author:

John E. McMurry

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry

Chemistry

ISBN:

9781285869759

Author:

Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Organic Chemistry

Chemistry

ISBN:

9781305580350

Author:

William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Organic Chemistry

Chemistry

ISBN:

9781305080485

Author:

John E. McMurry

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry

Chemistry

ISBN:

9781285869759

Author:

Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry

Chemistry

ISBN:

9780618974122

Author:

Andrei Straumanis

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche…

Chemistry

ISBN:

9781305960060

Author:

Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS