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Provide a simplified schematic presentation of mitochondrial β-oxidation. Include activation, mitochondrial transportation, important coenzymes and enzyme names. (Note that you can simply provide intermediate names or abbreviations here and not structures).
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- Study Figure 19.18 and decide which of the following statements is false. Pyruvate dehydrogenase is inhibited by· NIADH. Pyruvate dehydrogenase is inhibited by AΤΡ. Citrate synthase is inhibited by NADH. Succinyl-CoA activates citrate synthase. Acetyl-CoA activates pyruvate carboxylase.Provide a simplified schematic presentation (metabolic map) of mitochondrial beta-oxidation. Include activation, mitochondrial transportation, important coenzymes and enzyme names. (Note that you can simply provide intermediate names here and not structures).Indicate whether each of the following aspects of the carnitine shuttle system associated with the process of B oxidation occurs in the mitochondrial matrix or in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. a. Acyl CoA is reactant b. Carnitine enters the inner mitochondrial membrane. c. Carnitine is covered to acyl carnitine. d. Free CoA is reactant
- Two mobile electron transfer carriers are present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Name these two carriers.Which of the following dehydrogenases delivers electrons to directly to UQ in the electron transport pathway from the intermembrane space side of the inner mitochondrial membrane? a. succinate dehydrogenase b. acyl CoA dehydrogenase c. creatine kinase dehydrogenase d. glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenaseWhat Is the P/O Ratio for Mitochondrial OxidativePhosphorylation?
- Which of the following drives the electron transfer from coenzyme Q to cytochrome c, which also results to the pumping of protons from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space? Complex I Complex II Complex III Complex IV If 2 molecules of FADH2 are oxidized during oxidative phosphorylation, how many molecules of ATP are synthesized? Your answer should be a numerical input.Fill in the bold using the table. Because the inner mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to L, when there is an excess of mitochondrial L, it converts to M using a TCA condensation reaction, M crosses to the cytosol using a designated transport system. In the cytosol, M reconverts to L and oxaloacetate. Oxaloacetate is subsequently converted to malate with simultaneous production of N, a prerequisite cofactor for the glycolysis pathway. This reaction is then followed by conversion of N to pyruvate which produces O, a prerequisite cofactor for the fatty acid synthesis pathway. L M N O A. ATP pyruvate malate NADPH B. ATP citrate ATP NAD+ C. acetyl CoA pyruvate NAD+ NADH D. acetyl CoA citrate NAD+ NADPH E. glucose pyruvate malate NADP+Consider a 24:1 △cis-9 fatty acid in the mitochondrion. For each fatty acid given, determine the following. Gross ATP from b-oxidation cycles Gross ATP from acetyl CoA produced Gross ATP from conversion of propionyl CoA (if applicable) Total number of ATP deducted Total net ATP
- In the section dealing with “NAD+ in disease” it is mentioned that metabolomics results indicate that impaired mitochondrial function contributes to some of the mentioned diseases. Which metabolites can potentially accumulate when complex I of the electron transport chain is defective? Use Fig 1 for guidance.What thermodynamic force drives the transport of ADP and Pi into the mitochondrial matrix for ATP synthesis?Uncoupling agents are proteins spanning the inner mitochondrial membrane that allow protons to pass through the membrane and bypass the channel of ATP synthase. Describe the consequences to the proton gradient and ATP production.?
