Q3 Thermistor is a resistive temperature element made from semiconductor materials such as oxides of chromium, manganese, iron and cobalt. Thermistor A has an input temperature ranging from 0 °C to 70 °C. Compute the value of resistance, Re when the input temperature is at the minimum, middle and maximum values. Given that constant K and B are 0.05 and 3100. (273 K = 0°C ). (a)
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- Outline a method for solving a circuit that contains a single nonlinear element plus resistors, dc voltage sources, and dc current sources, given the volt–ampere characteristic of the nonlinear device.What type of device is shown in the attached figure, if the waveforms illustrated are present at its CK and Q terminals? State 5 applications using the answer in 1.For the ideal-diode clipper circuit given below, VS = 12.sinωt V. Determine the output voltage Vout and sketch this function. Remove the short circuit between points x and y, and replace it with a 2kΩ Resistor. Find the range of values of VS for; D1 and D2 are OFF D1 is ON and D2 is OFF D1 is OFF and D2 is ON Is it possible for both D1 and D2 to be ON?
- For the attenuator circuit shown, assume C1 and C2 to be very large (∞) capacitors. Don’t be thrown off by the capacitors (How do they behave at DC? How do they behave at AC if C =∞). Assume D1 and D2 are identical diodes with n=1, V T = 25 mV (use the exponential model). a. Determine the value of the dc voltage, V_N when I = 1mA. b. Draw the small-signal equivalent circuit, replacing the diodes with their small signal resistive model, r_d. c. Determine the value of V_o/V_s when I = 1mA.design a battery charger for safe operation in a damp garage environment to use for charging your 12 VDC car battery. Design specifications include: (a) Input is a 110rms VAC. (VP=110x ) at 60 Hz from a three wire service that meets the National Electrical Code. (b) Output is a nominal 12 volts VDC at the cathode of the diode. (c) Specify a resistor, R, to limit the maximum battery charging current to 10 amperes into the 12 volt car battery assuming the battery is completely dead (0 volts) when you first connect the charger. (d) There is no ripple voltage design specification. Explain why this is unnecessary in this application. (e) The battery charger case is metal. (f) Assume a diode with VF = 0.7 V (g) The fuse in the primary circuit is to protect the power supply from a short-circuit at the battery terminals either from total battery failure or accidentally short circuiting the charging cable to ground…1-) Ideal Envelope Detector2-) AM demodulation using diode and RLC circuit3-) Demodulation of AM signal using envelope detectorQuestion 9: compare the above demodulation techniques in terms of pros and cons. Which one should be used in practical application and why? Explain.
- Given the following details: The inverting adder schematic as seen below Vac is an AC voltage source which generates a sine waveform with amplitude 1mV and frequency 1kHz Vout is a sine waveform with amplitude 1V and has a DC offset of 3.5V Find the values of Vdc, R1, R2 and Rf that would satisfy the description for Vout. Assume ideal scenario (i.e. do theoretical computations instead of practical simulations)Surface barrier diodes have a lower noise figure in high frequencies True False The capacitance of the Varactor diode increases with an increase in reverse bias voltage True False The dark current is a current that will exist with no applied illumination True False The lifetime of LCDs is longer than that of LEDs True False The liquid-crystal display (LCD) has the distinct advantage of having a lower power requirement than the LED (light emitting diodes) True FalseQ 3 Bring out the advantages and disadvantages of microwave tube devices andsemiconductor devices.What are the most common types of microwave diodes and transistors in use give theirbasic features features and applications?What are the most common types of microwave ICs? Give details of the circuit elementsand applications
- i) The equation above contains really only three variables in it: Id, Vd, and T. All the other terms are constants. Since in most cases we assume temperature is fairly constant as well, we are really only dealing with two variables: diode current and diode voltage. Based on this realization, re-write the equation as proportionality rather than equality, showing how the two variables of diode current and voltage relate ii) Based on this simplified equation, what would an I vs V graph for a PN junction look like? How does this graph compare against the I vs V graph for a resistor? iii) When "P" and "N" type semiconductor pieces are brought into close contact, free electrons from the "N" piece will rush over to fill holes in the "P" piece, creating a zone on both sides of the contact region devoid of charge carriers. What is this zone called, and what are its electrical characteristics? iv) What happens to the thickness of the region in a PN junction (answer above) when an external…2. A certain zener diode has a maximum power rating of 300 mW at 40 deg Cand a derating factor of 1.4mW/deg C. Determine the maximum power the zener can dissipate at a temperature of 80 deg C. 3. From the datasheet, a 1N4728A zener diode has a ZZ of 10 0. The datasheet gives VZ = 3.3 V at a test current, IZ, of 76 mA. What is the voltage across the zener terminals when the current is 90 mA? When the current is 45 mA?A series RC circuit consisting of 50 ohms and 100 uF is energized by a 50 volts supply. What is the voltage in the resistor at time equal to 20 msec.? How large is the charge stored in the capacitor duringthis time ? If the supply is suddenly switch off how long will it take for the charge be halved ?