Simple and fractional distillation EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:1. In a 100 ml round-bottomed flask, weigh out, accurately to two (or four) decimal places,20 ml of distilled water (bp 100 °C). Record the mass into your results report2. In the same flask, weigh out, accurately to two (or four) decimal places, 20 ml of acetone(bp 56 °C). Record the mass into your results report3. To the mixture in the flask, add few boiling chips. Boiling chips prevent superheating ofthe liquid and reduces the tendency of bumping4. Assemble the apparatus according to Figure 1 above. The joints should be sealedtightly. You must have your set-up checked by your instructor before you start thedistillation process.5. Weigh out, accurately to two (or four) decimal places, a labeled (A) empty dry conicalflask. Record the mass into your results report6. Weigh out, accurately to two (or four) decimal places, a labeled (W) empty dry conicalflask. Record the mass into your results report7. Carefully heat the flask on a hot plate. Collect the first boiling component (acetone, bp56 °C) in a third conical flask C8. Collect the second boiling component (water, bp 100 °C) in conical flask W that you pre-weighed in step 69. Continue the distillation until about 5 ml of the liquid mixture is left in the distillation flask10. At this stage, stop the distillation by turning the heat off11. Now weigh conical flask W containing water. Calculate the mass of water obtained1712. To conical flask C containing acetone, add small amount of anhydrous CaCl2. Swirl theflask gently. Anhydrous CaCl2 is a drying agent that absorbs any water present. Whenyou have added CaCl2, if it sticks to the flask, the liquid is still wet. This means moreanhydrous CaCl2 should be added. When enough drying agent has been added, itshould move freely upon swirling the flask. This is an indication of dryness, which meansthat all water that might have been present, has now been removed and absorbed bythe drying agent (see next page for details).13. Gravity-filter the dry acetone into conical flask A that you pre-weighed in step 514. Now weigh conical flask A containing dry diethyl ether. Calculate the mass of dryacetone obtained15. Hand in your dry acetone sample to your instructor along with your report Q5. Which distillation technique is more efficient, simple or fractional? Explain briefly.

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