QUESTION 3 Use Hammond's postulate to determine which alkene in each pair would be expected to form a carbocation faster in an electrophilic addition reaction. Choose the more reactive compound for both pairs. Two answers will be required. or or %3D II IV 000
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- In SN2 reactions of haloalkanes, the order of reactivity is RI>RBr>RCl>RF. Alkyl iodides are considerably more reactive than alkyl fluorides, often by factors as great as 106. All 1-halo-2,4-dinitrobenzenes, however, react at approximately the same rate in nucleophilic aromatic substitutions. Account for this difference in relative reactivities.The reaction of 1-iodopropane with potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) in certain solvents results in the formation of two isomeric products, propylthiocyanate and propylisothiocyanate (see scheme below), via the SN2 reaction mechanism. Attempts to prepare a similar mixture of these same isomeric products (propylthiocyanate and propylisothiocyanate) starting from 1-propene is illustrated below. Despite the strong acidity of thiocyanic acid (recall pKa = 1.1), this addition reaction does not lead to either of the products indicated. Based on your knowledge of alkene addition reactions, explain this experimental result.https://www.bartleby.com/solution-answer/chapter-83-problem-6p-organic-chemistry-9th-edition/9781305080485/when-an-unsymmetrical-alkene-such-as-propene-is-treated-with-n-bromosuc-cinimide-in-aqueous/b3feeb25-a92a-11e9-8385-02ee952b546e
- Does the data provide evidence for the claim that the reaction of Br2 with alkenes proceeds via anti‐addition? The mleting point of the product was found to be 234.5-235.5C chemical reaction: trans-stilbene+pyrimindine tribromide --->acetic acid 1,2-di bromo-1,2-diphenylethane product was trans-1,2-dibromo-1,2-diphenylethaneStep 2 of the iodination of benzene shows water acting as a base and removing a proton from the sigma complex. We did notconsider the possibility of water acting as a nucleophile and attacking the carbocation, as in an electrophilic addition to an alkene.Draw the reaction that would occur if water reacted as a nucleophile and added to the carbocation. Explain why this type ofaddition is rarely observed.can i get help drawing out actual structures including the nucleophilic addition of Cy2NH to parafomaldehyde and its hemiaminal intermidiate and the condensation step when it is displaced by terminal alkyne forming allene, also what is dioxane getting rid of as the solvent, thanks
- One possible way of determining the identity of an alkene, is to let itundergo an oxidative cleavage reaction in the presence of hot basicpotassium permanganate. You are given two containers said to containdifferent alkenes. Container A is marked as cis / trans‐2‐butene andcontainer B as 2‐methyl‐1‐butene. Explain by referring to the formation ofproducts, how you would verify the identity of the alkenes.For each of the following, write the major product(s) and then draw out each step in the mechanism using curved arrows. Show ALL lone pair electrons and formal charges. Redraw ALL molecules as to show explicitly ALL bonds being broken or formed. Identify the molecular orbital (HOMO) of the nucleophile and the molecular orbital (LUMO) of electrophile involved in the nucleophilic attack. MO diagrams are not necessary..Like other electrophiles, carbocations add to alkenes to form new carbocations, which can then undergo substitution or elimination reactions depending on the reaction conditions. With this in mind, consider the following reactions of nerol, a natural product isolated from lemon grass and other plant sources. Treatment of nerol with TsOH forms α-terpineol as the major product, whereas treatment of nerol with chlorosulfonic acid, HSO3Cl, forms a constitutional isomer, α-cyclogeraniol. Write stepwise mechanisms for both processes. Each mechanism involves the addition of an electrophile—a carbocation—to a double bond.
- Like other electrophiles, carbocations add to alkenes to form new carbocations, which can then undergo substitution or elimination reactions depending on the reaction conditions. With this in mind, consider the following reactions of nerol, a natural product isolated from lemon grass and other plant sources. Treatment of nerol with TsOH forms α-terpineol as the major product, whereas treatment of nerol with chlorosulfonic acid, HSO3Cl, forms a constitutional isomer, αcyclogeraniol. Write stepwise mechanisms for both processes. Each mechanism involves the addition of an electrophile— a carbocation—to a double bond.For SN2 Explain the order in which 2o (secondary) alkyl halides reacted and explain why. 2o (secondary) compounds listed are: (see picture) 2-chlorobutane 2-bromobutane bromobenzene bromocyclopentane bromocyclohexane Base your explanations on the following considerations: the nature of leaving group, the effect of structure, steric hindrance and any other feature. Be sure to explain which alkyl halides did not react and whyStarting from a terminal alkene R-CH=CH2, is there any advantage in using the two-step protocol (halohydrin formation + intramolecular williamson) over the direct epoxidation procedure? HINT: check for other reactions of MCPBA. Is this also an oxidant for other funcional groups? WHich ones? would a chemoselectivity problem be expected if those functional groups were also present during the epoxidation reaction?