Regarding the merger in Q8: "Mike Coupe, the boss of Sainsbury’s, had claimed that prices would fall by as much as 10%." Which merger explanation can be behind such a fall in prices, if realized? a) Managerial theories of mergers. b) Economies of scale. c) Increased market power. d) Valuation discrepancy. e) Both economies of scale and increase in market power.
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Regarding the merger in Q8:
"Mike Coupe, the boss of Sainsbury’s, had claimed that
Which merger explanation can be behind such a fall in prices, if realized?
a) Managerial theories of mergers.
b) Economies of scale.
c) Increased market power.
d) Valuation discrepancy.
e) Both economies of scale and increase in market power.
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- suppose fiat recently entered into an agreement and plan of merger with case for $4.3 billion. prior to the merger, the market for four wheel drive tractors consisted of five firms. the market was highly concentrated, with herfindahl-hirschman index of 2,915. case's share of that market was 13 percent, while fiat comprised just 7 percent of the market. if approved, by how much would the post merger herfindahl-hirschman index increaseSuppose Fiat recently entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger with Case for $4.3 billion. Prior to the merger, the market for four-wheel-drive tractors consisted of five firms. The market was highly concentrated, with a Herfindahl-Hirschman index of 2,765. Case’s share of that market was 22 percent, while Fiat comprised just 12 percent of the market. If approved, by how much would the postmerger Herfindahl-Hirschman index increase? Based only on this information, do you think the Justice Department would challenge the merger? Explain.True/False 1. In the dominant rm model ( la Hotelling) an increase in the marginal cost of the dominant rm (with constant marginal costs) implies that pro ts necessarily decrease. 2. Suppose that an industry has 10 rms where the market shares are ordered from the most to the least dominant rm f0:5;0:37;0:05;0:03;0:02;0:01;0:01;0:005;0:004;0:001g. The Her ndahl index is IH = 0:3.
- In which market structure does Johnson Electronics (Pty) Ltd operate? Provide areason for your answer and what level of output maximizes the firm’s profit? Provide the reason for youranswer output price total revenue average cost total cost margnial cost profit/ loss 10 10.00 100 20.80 208 0 -108 20 10.00 200 12.40 248 4.00 -48 30 10.00 300 9.90 297 5.00 3 40 10.00 400 9.00 360 6.20 40 50 10.00 500 8.80 440 8.00 60 60 10.00 600 9.00 540 10.00 60Two firms dominate the market for surgical sutures and competeaggressively with respect to research and development. The followingpayoff table depicts the profit implications of their different R&Dstrategies.a. Suppose that no communication is possible between the firms; eachmust choose its R&D strategy independently of the other. Whatactions will the firms take, and what is the outcome?b. If the firms can communicate before setting their R&D strategies,what outcome will occur? Explain.Firm B’s R&D SpendingLow Medium HighLow 8, 11 6, 12 5, 14Firm A’s R&D Medium 12, 9 8, 10 6, 8 SpendingHigh 11, 6 10, 8 4, 6Suppose the European Union (EU) is investigating a proposed merger between two of largest distillers of premium Scotch liquor. Based on estimates from the EU’s economists, these two firms have a combined market share of about two-thirds of all sales in the relevant market. The only remaining firm controls the other one-third of the market. Economists have estimated that the wholesale market price elasticity of demand for Scotch is −1.3 and the unit cost to produce and distribute the Scotch is 16.20 per liter. Using the available information, provide quantitative estimates of the pre- and post-merger prices for Scotch in the wholesale market. In your opinion, is the EU’s concern about the merger justified? Why or Why not?
- Question 1.Assume there are only two art auction companies who account for 100% of all the sales of 19thCentury impressionist master work paintings in the world. Assume that each company buys thiskind of painting and then resells the paintings at monthly auctions. Ignoring the question of anylaws that might apply, describe what economic arrangement would maximize the twocompanies’ total profits? Show with supply and demand curves what profit they would makefrom this arrangement and what societal welfare loss, if any, results from it.If company A and B combine under single ownership of control, this would be a O a. horizontal O b. vertical O c. conglomerate Od. Herfindahl O e. There is not enough information to answer the question. merger.3 1. Describe the bidding process by which the electricity generation sector provides electricity to pooling and balancing authorities. Additionally, show this process by building an electricity supply curve. a. What antitrust and regulation concerns are present at the wholesale stage of the electricity market? b. Describe a market design that reduces market manipulation in wholesale electricity markets. Show that the Nash equilibrium under this market design will result in generators bidding their true marginal cost of production. c. Describe a vertically integrated industry as it pertains to the electricity sector. d. Describe non-linear (two part) pricing as it pertains to retail electricity sales. What is the purpose of this pricing system?
- Part d please Suppose four Cournot competitors face an inverse market demand curve of P = 1620 – 8Q, each with identical costs Ci = 4000 + 60qi. Use the formulae given in exercise 8.15 (pgs. 214-15) for firm profits, market price, and consumer surplus at a Cournot equilibrium to answer the following questions. a. Demonstrate that a merger between F3 and F4 will not be profitable if their costs remain unchanged. (Careful: the “n” in the profit formula changes from 4 to 3.) b. Could the merger be profitable i. if fixed costs fell? If so, how much reduction is necessary? ii. If the variable costs of the merged firm fell by 75%, so that C3|4 = 8000 + 15q? (Fixed cost remains 8000 because we are assuming only variable costs fall.) c. Calculate the consumer surplus created in this market when there are four identical firms. How does it change after a merger occurs between F3 and F4 if: i. no costs savings occur ii. the merged firm reduces its fixed costs by $6000 iii. the merged firm…Firms J and K produce compact-disc players and compete againstone another. Each firm can develop either an economy player (E)or a deluxe player (D). According to the best available marketresearch, the firms’ resulting profits are given by the accompanyingpayoff table.a. The firms make their decision independently, and each is seeking itsown maximum profit. Is it possible to make a confident predictionconcerning their actions and the outcome? Explain.Firm KE DE 30, 55 50, 60 Firm JD 40, 75 25, 50b. Suppose that firm J has a lead in development and so can move first.What action should J take, and what will be K’s response?c. What will be the outcome if firm K can move first?Part b please Suppose four Cournot competitors face an inverse market demand curve of P = 1620 – 8Q, each with identical costs Ci = 4000 + 60qi. Use the formulae given in exercise 8.15 (pgs. 214-15) for firm profits, market price, and consumer surplus at a Cournot equilibrium to answer the following questions. a. Demonstrate that a merger between F3 and F4 will not be profitable if their costs remain unchanged. (Careful: the “n” in the profit formula changes from 4 to 3.) b. Could the merger be profitable i. if fixed costs fell? If so, how much reduction is necessary? ii. If the variable costs of the merged firm fell by 75%, so that C3|4 = 8000 + 15q? (Fixed cost remains 8000 because we are assuming only variable costs fall.) c. Calculate the consumer surplus created in this market when there are four identical firms. How does it change after a merger occurs between F3 and F4 if: i. no costs savings occur ii. the merged firm reduces its fixed costs by $6000 iii. the merged firm…