Several experiments were conducted to obtain information about how the eukaryotic ribosome recognizes the AUG start codon. In one experiment, the gene that encodes methionine initiator tRNA (tRNAiMet) was located and changed; specifically, the nucleotides that specify the anticodon on tRNAi Met were mutated so that the anticodon in the tRNA was 5′ –CCA–3′ instead of 5′ –CAU–3′. When this mutated gene was placed in a eukaryotic cell, protein synthesis took place, but the proteins produced were abnormal. Some of these proteins contained extra amino acids, and others contained fewer amino acids than normal. a. What do these results indicate about how the ribosome recognizes the starting point for translation in eukaryotic cells? Explain your reasoning. b. If the same experiment had been conducted on bacterial cells, what results would you expect? c. Explain why some of the proteins produced contained extra amino acids while others contained fewer amino acids than normal
Several experiments were conducted to obtain information about how
the eukaryotic ribosome recognizes the AUG start codon. In one
experiment, the gene that encodes methionine initiator tRNA (tRNAiMet)
was located and changed; specifically, the
anticodon on tRNAi
Met were mutated so that the anticodon in the tRNA
was 5′ –CCA–3′ instead of 5′ –CAU–3′. When this mutated gene was
placed in a eukaryotic cell, protein synthesis took place, but the proteins
produced were abnormal. Some of these proteins contained extra amino
acids, and others contained fewer amino acids than normal.
a. What do these results indicate about how the ribosome recognizes the
starting point for translation in eukaryotic cells? Explain your reasoning.
b. If the same experiment had been conducted on bacterial cells, what
results would you expect?
c. Explain why some of the proteins produced contained extra amino acids
while others contained fewer amino acids than normal
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